© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Psychology in Action, Fifth Edition by Karen Huffman, Mark Vernoy, and Judith Vernoy PowerPoint  Lecture Notes Presentation Chapter 9: Life Span Development II Paul J. Wellman Texas A&M University

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Lecture Overview Moral Development Personality Development Death and Dying

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Moral Thought At different points in our lives, we exhibit different forms of thoughts and beliefs regarding moral behavior Kohlberg examined moral thought by asking people of various ages to comment on moral situations evident in a vignette: –Heinz steals an expensive drug in order to save the life of his wife who suffers from cancer

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Temperament Temperament refers to the basic disposition of a person Thomas and Chess categorized infants into 3 temperament types: –Easy children are mostly happy, relaxed and agreeable (40 %) –Difficult children are moody, easily frustrated, overreactive (10 %) –Slow-to-warm-up children are somewhat shy and withdrawn, take time to adjust (15 %)

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory  Trust vs mistrust (0-1 year)  Autonomy vs shame and doubt (1-3 years)  Initiative vs guilt (3-6 years)  Industry vs inferiority (6 yrs to puberty)  Identity vs role confusion  Intimacy vs isolation  Generativity vs stagnation  Ego integrity vs despair

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Parenting Styles Baumrind noted that parenting style has an impact on children’s personality –Authoritarian parents value obedience and mature responsibility, their children are moody, aggressive, and have poor communication skills –Authoritative parents are caring and sensitive toward their children but set firm limits; their children become self-reliant, self-controlled and high achieving

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e –Permissive parents: Indifferent-permissive parents set few limits and provide minimal interest; their children have poor self-control and poor social skills Indulgent-permissive parents are highly involved but place few demands on their children; their offspring tend to be impusive, immature, and out of control

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Family Violence Family violence is associated with: –Marital conflict –Substance abuse (especially alcohol) –Mental disorders –Economic stress Unemployment Large number of children

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Death and Dying Thanatology is the study of death and dying Death is understood in terms of: –Permanence: once a thing dies, it stays dead –Universality: all living things eventually die –Nonfunctionality: all living functions cease at death

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Grief Reactions Grief reactions include: –Numbness: person is dazed and confused, may deny that death has occurred –Yearning is an intense longing for the dead person –Disorientation and despair: person is listless and apathetic –Resolution: person accepts and understands and loss

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Death is the Last Life Crisis Kubler-Ross has studied people’s reactions to their impending death: –Denial: “I won’t die!” –Anger: “It isn’t fair!!!!!!%$#*&” –Bargaining: “God, I will do x if you let me live...” –Depression: “Wahhh” –Acceptance: “It is my time…”

© 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Huffman/Vernoy/Vernoy: Psychology in Action 5e Copyright Copyright 2000 by John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission of the copyright owner.