Gary Flomenhoft, BSME’77 (Tufts) MPP/CEE’01 (UMD) Lecturer CDAE Research Fellow Gund Institute Personal Environmental History (and people I have met) or “Life is like a box of chocolates” (You never know what you’re gonna get) -Forest Gump ENVS-151 Oct. 30, 2007

A) Adversarial i) Direct action ii) Legal/ Whistleblowing iii) Boycotts/buycotts B) Transformational i) Lobbying ii) Education iii) Legal C) Exemplary: individual & collective action i) Environmental technology-HEVs ii) SR investing iii) EWB iv) Eco-villages Types of strategies/tactics for change

“Career” path

Effective action Making a difference adversarial transformational exemplary political economictechnical spiritual ? Do you want to get up in the morning?

“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed people can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.” --- Margaret Mead Making a Difference-Don’t Make a Wave Committee

Greenpeace 1969 Greenpeace USA is one of more than 30 international offices of Greenpeace International, which boasts 2.6 million members around the world. At its height in the late 1980s, the USA group had 22 regional offices and 65 staff members.

Benny Zable

Casey Casem (& Martin Sheen)

Shoshone Chief-Corbin Harney

1987-Pacific Peacemaker

Dolphin Safe tuna-14 yr campaign

Bud Bottoms

David Brower

InnEVations E-tractor

Maharishi Mahesh Yogi

On Initiative Until one is committed, there is hesitancy, the chance to draw back, always ineffectiveness. Concerning all acts of initiative and creation, there is one elementary truth the ignorance of which kills countless ideas and splendid plans: that the moment one definitely commits oneself, then providence moves too. All sorts of things occur to help one that would never otherwise have occurred. A whole stream of events issues from the decision, raising in one's favor all manner of unforeseen incidents, meetings and material assistance which no man could have dreamed would have come his way. Whatever you can do or dream you can, begin it. Boldness has genius, power and magic in it. Begin it now. -Goethe