I NFRASTRUCTURE – C OMPUTER S OFTWARE G ERHARD S TEINKE Application Software Systems Software - Operating Systems Programming Languages Software Trends Impact on Organizations Chapter 5

A PPLICATION S OFTWARE 4-2 Word Processing Desktop Publishing Presentation Spreadsheet DBMS Graphics (Outlook, Exchange) Instant messaging (IM) Educational Web apps Mobile apps Project Management Accounting Mapping - GIS CAD/CAM Groupware Scheduling Tax Weblog or blog Games

S YSTEM S OFTWARE : - O PERATING S YSTEM SOFTWARE Integrated system of programs that Manage the operations of the computer (CPU) Control the input/output, storage resources and activities of the computer system 4-3

P OPULAR O PERATING S YSTEMS Windows Microsoft’s operating system Windows 7, Windows 8, 10 from-windows-xp-now/ from-windows-xp-now/ MAC OS Apple: MAC OS X Mountain Lion, Mavericks Unix Can run on mainframes, servers and PCs Linux Open-source Low-cost, powerful reliable Unix-like OS Android Chrome – really only a browser 4-4

O THER S YSTEM S OFTWARE Utilities Miscellaneous housekeeping functions Example: data backup, virus protection, data compression, etc. Performance monitors Programs that monitor and adjust computer system to keep them running efficiently Security monitors Programs that monitor and control use of computer systems to prevent unauthorized use of resources 4-5

P ROGRAMMING L ANGUAGES HTTPS :// WWW. UDEMY. COM / BLOG / BEST - PROGRAMMING - LANGUAGE / 4-6 Java C C++ C# PHP Python Ruby Basic Cobol Fortran HTML

S OFTWARE C LASSIFICATIONS Custom software Software applications that are developed within an organization for use by that organization COTS software - Commercial Off-the-shelf (COTS) Software developed with the intention of selling the software in multiple copies Application service providers (ASPs) Companies that own, operate and maintain application software and computer system resources Pay-as-you-go Apps Thousands available, e.g., 4-7

S OFTWARE T RENDS Custom designed to COTS (Commercial off the Shelf) Individual applications to bundled (suites) Text to Graphical User Interfaces / wizards From machine dependent to machine independent Java, Internet Browsers to Web-based Interface – Browsers E.g., Microsoft Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, Mozilla, Safari, Chrome Web apps iphone/ iphone/ 4-8

W HAT DO YOU NEED TO KNOW ? Write software or just use software? Select software to match needs Integrate software into organization Software licensing Software quality – testing concerns Purchase/lease software? Warranty? How does software influence organization? Possibilities Constraints Cost – new and upgrade, process changes 4-9

S OFTWARE E THICAL I SSUES Copying software, piracy New versions all the time Software that does more than you expect 37-excel 37-excel Quality - Expectation/toleration of software bugs and errors? How long should software be supported? Who should test software? 4-10