高考英语《语法》专题 复习系列课件

31 《动词的语态》

Passive Voice 被动语态

Lead in Rockets ________ (use) to send up satellites ． are used

火箭发射图 The rocket _____________ (send up) into space ． is being sent up

污染图 The air and the water _________ _______(pollute) ． are being polluted

砍伐图 Trees ___________(cut) down ． Soil ____________ (wash) away ． are being cut will be washed

拳击图 A boxer _____________(beat) down ． has been beaten

双子楼图 The twin towers ___________ (attack) in 2001 ． were attacked

生病图 The boy may _______________ (infect) with AIDS ． have been infected

表格：被动态基本结构 时态被动语态结构 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will be done would be done have/has been done had been done

Oral practice- 主动句改被动句 Oral practice--1. Change each sentence into passive voice: 1)A car knocked him down yesterday. 2)Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team ． 3)When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree ． He was knocked down by a car… ． The medical team is made up of… ． A fallen tree was being cut up… ．

4)We’ll put on the play next Sunday ． 5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school ． 6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year ． The play will be put on next Sunday ． A new teaching building is being built… ． The railway had been completed by the end of last year ．

7)We should protect the earth ． 8)You need to paint the wall ． 9) My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday ． I A gift The earth should be protected ． The wall needs to be painted ． I was given a gift on my birthday ． A gift was given to me on my birthday.

10)We always keep the room clean ． 11)We often hear him play guitar ． 12)They saw a boy flying a kite ． The room is always kept clean ． He is often heard to play guitar ． A boy was seen flying a kite ．

Correcting mistake 2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any: 1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball ． 2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university ． 3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted? was sent will last were hurt

4)A fire was broken out last night ． 5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before ． 6)The large building that is now built will be a hospital ． had been damaged is now being built broke out

7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day ． 8)His plan is sounded good ． 9)Your coat needs being washed ． begins sounds to be washed / washing

主动式表被动义  The books ____ well ． A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold  This kind of cloth ____ easily ． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed B C 主动式表被动义

 动词 () + 副词 (  动词 ( 表示主语的属性特征 ) + 副词 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly), 用主动式表被动 义。 read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…

 The fish is not fit _______(eat) ．  We find English hard _______(learn) ．  The article is difficult ___________ (understand). to eat to learn to understand

 不定式在某些形容词后作状语  不定式在某些形容词后作状语, 且和句子的 主语 ( 或宾语 ) 构成动宾关系时, 用主动式表被 动义。 difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,…

I have a lot of homework ______(do) ． I’ll give him some books ______(read) ． to do to read

 不定式作后置定语  不定式作后置定语, 与被修饰的名词构成 动宾关系, 又和该句主语 ( 或宾语 ) 构成主谓 关系时, 用主动式表被动义。

表示状态特征的连系动词 +adj./n., 用主 动式表被动义。 1) 表示状态特征的连系动词 +adj./n., 用主 动式表被动义。 (look,sound,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,...) The steel feels cold ． 2) 表示 “ 开始、结束、运动 ” 的动词用主动式 表被动义。 (begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,...) The shop opens at 6 am. every day ．

表示主语的属性特征的动词 + 副词 well/ badly/easily/smoothly, 用主动式表被 动义 3) 表示主语的属性特征的动词 + 副词 well/ badly/easily/smoothly, 用主动式表被动义。 (read,write,set,sell,wash, clean, wear, open,cook,lock,shut,dry,eat,drink,...) The pen writes smoothly ． 4) 作 “ 需要 ” 讲的 want/need/require 后接动名 词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也 可接不定式的被动式作宾语。 Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed ．

不定式 5) 不定式在某些形容词后作状语, 且和句子 的主语 ( 或宾语 ) 构成动宾关系时, 用主动式 表被动义。 (difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy, dangerous, safe,...) The fish is not fit to eat ．

不定式后置定语 6) 不定式作后置定语, 与被修饰的名词构 成动宾关系, 又和该句主语 ( 或宾语 ) 构成主 谓关系时, 用主动式表被动义 ; 但若用在 there be 结构中，主动、被动均 可（口语中常用主动式）。 I have a lot of homework to do ． There are many things to do/to be done ．

7) be to blame 表示 “ 应受批评, 责备 ” ，用 主动式表被动义。 The boy is to blame for what he has done ． 8) 不及物动词和一些不及物动词短语没有 被动语态。 rise,happen,succeed,remain,... take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to,...

加 to/for 在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加 to: bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell,show,pay,promise,take,teach, etc. 在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前加 for: buy,build,cook,cut,choose,find,fetch,do, fix,get,keep,make,order,paint,sing,etc. 含双宾语的主动句变被动句，一般变间接宾 语 ( 指人 ) 为主语较多。若把直接宾语 ( 指物 ) 改 为主语，则在间接宾语前加上适当的介词。

 A new shirt was bought ____ me ．  The magazine was passed on ____ him.  Those books were sold ____ Tom at 5 dollars each ．  Another piece of music was played ____ the patients ．  The cup with mixture was showed ____ the class ．  A good dinner has been ordered ____ the guests. for to for to for

带双宾语的主动句改被动 注意： see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at 等动词 / 短语后作宾语补 语的不定式都不带 to ；但改成被动语态后必 须带 to 。

1.An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week ． A ． are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D ． will hold Multiple choice B

2. I’m sorry,sir ． Your recorder isn’t ready yet ． It ____ in the factory ． A. is being repaired B. is repaired C. has been repaired D. hasn’t been repaired A

3 ． Every possible means ____, but none ____ successful ． A. has tried; has proved B ． tried; proves C. has been tried; proves D. is being tried; is proved C

4 ． The question he asked is hard ____ ． A. for answer B. to answer C ． to be answered D. answering B

5 ． In warm weather, fruit and meat ____ long ． A. cannot be kept B. don’t keep C. mustn’t keep D. is not kept A

6 ． He received a telegram ____: “Mother ill” ． A ． written B. reading C. said D. writing B

7. --Did you hand him the letter yesterday? --No, I ____ to him ． A. brought it B. took it C. had it sent D. carried it C

8 ． Alice had a dress ____ last week ． A ． made B. make C. to be made D. to make A

9 ． The teacher couldn’t make him ____ attention to because the students were so noisy. A. pay B. paid C. to pay D. to be paid B

10.--When will the lecture begin? --When the students ____ ． A ． have sat B ． sat down C ． will sit D ． are seated D

Quiz 1 1. The steel _____ cold ． A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt 2. His plan _____ good ． A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. sounds C D

Quiz 2 The shop _____ at 6 am. every day ． A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is opening Work _____ at 7 pm. today ． A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had ended A B

The pen ______ smoothly ． A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is written This coat _____ easily ． A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed Quiz 3 B C

Your jacket needs ________(wash) ． The house requires ________(repair) ． Quiz 4 washing repairing

The fish is not fit _______(eat) ． We find English difficult _________ (learn) ． Quiz 5 to eat to learn

I have much homework ______(do) ． I’ll give the boy some books _______(read) ． Quiz 6 to do to read

There are many things ______(do) ． The boy is ________(blame) for what he has done ． Quiz 7 to do to be done 口语中常用主动式 to blame

One day, Lily was having a sleep beside a hollow log when suddenly she was waken up by the sound of her cell phone. While answering the phone, she was hit on the head by a ball ． It was Tom! Of course he was refused when asking her to give the ball back, and was hit in the eye by Lily with the ball. As Lily talked to her father about it over the phone, Tom was frightened. In order to get his ball back, he got into the log but was caught in it ． How unlucky he was!