CH.3 Consciousness

Bell Ringer 11/2 What does it mean to be conscious? How would you best describe it in your own words?

Objective/Agenda Identify and define words associated with consciousness chapter and determine importance of studying consciousness 1. Read pg in book together and discuss 2. Define vocab words 3. We will go over tests on Wednesday? I hope.

PLEASE DEFINE THE FOLLOWING WORDS in this way 1. book definition 2. your own word definition 3. Use the word in a sentence WORDS: selective attention (pg.90), inattentional blindness (pg. 91), change blindness (pg. 92), circadian rhythm (93), REM sleep (94), sleep (94), hallucinations (95), insomnia (103), narcolepsy (103), sleep apnea (104), night terrors (104), dreams (105)

Exit Slip Use three new vocab words in a sentence to show me your understand what they mean

Bell Ringer 11/3 Take out your vocab. Tell me what is : Selective attention, inattentional blindness and change blindness? Review: What is consciousness?

objective Identify different variations of attention Agenda: 1. Review vocab 2. watch video 3. guided reading (due tomorrow)

Video Just watch and count! demos.html demos.html Change blindness:

Guided Reading: pg You will have time to finish tomorrow

Guided Reading: Levels of questions Comprehension: Based off of what you just read (can find the answers in the reading type of questions) Inferential: Taking what you know and what you read and making an inference (why/what do YOU think…type of questions) Universal: Connecting what you read with what you see in the world today (do you think everyone does this…type of questions)

Homework Tonight, make a list of things that you did (IE: homework, dishes, laundry, practice, etc). Was any of this done while multi- tasking? If so, which ones? List the time you do it. How well did you do multi- tasking? Make a list, write up a short paragraph of results.

Bell Ringer 11/4 Take out your homework. I will check it in. Then, be prepared to share out: 1. Were you able to multi-task? Did having to be conscious of your multi-tasking enable you to do it well? Or do you struggle with it?

Bell Ringer Grab an article and skim through it. What will we be discussing today? What is your JOB for today?

Reminder No late work after tomorrow! Only the last two weeks I will accept. NO EXCEPTIONS STUDY for your vocab quiz tomorrow. Look over your guided reading (have some examples ready) and your vocab sheet

Objective/agenda Identify different variations of attention Agenda: 1. BR review 2. Article- you create questions, we discuss 3. Vocab quiz Friday—study your vocab!

Bell Ringer 11/5 1. Were you able to change your multi-tasking ways? Yes/no/why or why not? 2. How many hours of sleep do you get each night? Do you think sleep is important? Why or why not? GET OUT YOUR NOTES. PG. 12—Sleep

Bell Ringer 11/9 How many hours a night do you sleep? Why do you think you need sleep? What happens when you don’t get enough sleep?

Objective/Agenda Determine the need for sleep and what sleep helps us do Agenda: 1. Notes 2. Video? 3. Go over homework--sleep journal

How Do We Learn About Sleep and Dreams?  We can monitor EEG/brain waves and muscle movements during sleep.  We can expose the sleeping person to noise and words, and then examine the effects on the brain (waves) and mind (memory).  We can wake people and see which mental state (e.g. dreaming) goes with which brain/body state. Sleep as a State of Consciousness Consider that:  we move around, but how do we stop ourselves from falling out of bed?  we sometimes incorporate real-world noises into our dreams.  some noises (our own baby’s cry) wake us more easily than others. When sleeping, are we fully unconscious and “dead to the world”? Or is the window to consciousness open?

Daily Rhythms and Sleep Over the 24 hour cycle, the following factors vary, rising and falling over the course of the day and night:  body temperature  energy  mental sharpness The circadian (“about a day”) rhythm refers to the body’s natural 24-hour cycle, roughly matched to the day/night cycle of light and dark.

1.Sleep protected our ancestors from predators. 2.Sleep restores and repairs the brain and body. 3.Sleep builds and strengthens memories. 4.Sleep facilitates creative problem solving. 5.Sleep is the time when growth hormones are active. Why do we sleep? What does sleep do for us?

Why do we sleep? What determines the quantity and rhythm of sleep? The amount and pattern of sleep is affected by biology, age, culture, and Individual variation.  Age: in general, newborns need 16 hours of sleep, while adults need 8 hours or less  Individual (genetic) variation: some people function best with 6 hours of sleep, others with 9 hours or more  Culture: North Americans sleep less than others, and less than they used to, perhaps because of the use of light bulbs

What determines the quantity and rhythm of sleep? Light and the brain regulate sleep.  The circadian rhythm is hard to shift (jet lag).  This rhythm can be affected by light, which suppresses the relaxing hormone melatonin.

Daily Rhythm and Sleep “ Larks” and “Owls” Daily rhythms vary from person to person and with age. General peaks in alertness:  evening peak—20-year old “owls”  morning peak—50-year old “larks”

Video- Why do we need sleep? Take notes—try to answer the question: WHY DO WE NEED SLEEP? WHAT HAPPENS WITHOUT IT? He talks FAST, so get down what you can!!!

Bell Ringer How many hours did you sleep last night? How did you feel before you went to bed? How did you feel when you got up this morning?

Objective/Agenda What are the 4 stages of sleep? Agenda: Notes: Also, change to sleep journal: Just tell me when you went to bed, got up, how you felt…extra credit for nap tracking, waking up in middle of the night, etc.

Stages and Cycles of Sleep Sleep stages refer to distinct patterns of brain waves and muscle activity that are associated with different types of consciousness and sleep. There are 4 stages of sleep Sleep cycles refer to the patterns of shifting through all the sleep stages over the course of the night. We “cycle” through all the sleep stages in about 90 minutes on average.

Falling asleep-Stage 1- NREM1  Yawning creates a brief boost in alertness  Your breathing slows down.  Brain waves become slower and irregular.  20 minutes to fall asleep

Falling Asleep: From Alert to Alpha Eyes Closed Alpha waves are the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.

Stages 2 &3 Stage 2- NREM- 2 In this stage for 20 minutes You are asleep, but could be awakened Stage 3- NREM-3 30 min. at this stage Hard to awaken, slow brain waves

Non-REM Sleep Stages Getting deeper into sleep… but not dreaming yet NREM-1 NREM-2 NREM-3

REM Sleep REM Sleep (rapid eye movement) dreams occurred during periods of wild brain activity NREM 2 stage What happens during REM sleep: (1 hour after asleep)  Heart rate rises and breathing becomes rapid.  “Sleep paralysis” occurs when the brainstem blocks the motor cortex’s messages and the muscles don’t move (the brain is active but the body is immobile.)

REM Sleep

Stages of Sleep: NREM 3- gets shorter NREM 2 and REM grow longer With age, there are more awakenings and less deep sleep.

Sleep Stages: NREM-1 NREM-2 NREM-3