U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystem Management: A Critical Component of Economic Development Matthew E. Andersen International Program OAS, 9 June 2015

Examples from the Americas  Large Marine Ecosystems  Clean Production Assessment

Large Marine Ecosystems  Large Marine Ecosystem (LME) concept developed within NOAA over 30 years ago and adopted by GEF at its inception as a programmatic framework  GEF has funded 17 LME programs globally

Large Marine Ecosystems  GEF has provided partial funding support to LMEs along with support from host nations, donors, United Nations  Current American Projects  Caribbean + North Brazil Shelf (CLME+; UNDP)  Gulf of Mexico (GOM LME; UNIDO)

 20 Countries  US$ 130 M

CLME+ Strategic Action Programme  Reduce unsustainable exploitation of fish and other living marine resources  Reduce habitat degradation and community modification  Reduce pollution  Cross-cutting issues: adaptation to climate change, strengthen science-policy interface, broaden gender participation, governance

CLME+  Governance will support the difficult work of coordinated and sustained management that lies ahead, ideally beyond the implementation period  A healthy marine environment provides benefits and livelihoods for the well-being of the people of the region

 2 Countries  US$ 130 M

SAP Resulting Projects  Improve water quality  Avoid depletion and recover living marine resources  Conserve and restore the quality of coastal and marine ecosystems through community involvement  Add-on project focusing on mercury  Cross-cutting issues: climate change, outreach and education, gender equality

TEST Methodology Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology Methodology  Developed by UNIDO in the year 2000 and implemented in Mexico from  Aimed at improving environmental management and competitiveness of companies and industries in developing and transition economies

Overview 5 TEST Management Tools 1. Cleaner Production Assessment (CPA) 2. Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) 3. Environmental Management Systems (EMS) 4. Environmentally Sound Technology (EST) 5. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Only the coordinated implementation of all 5 tools ensures the success and sustainability of the changes introduced

134 examples of Cleaner Production  “…generation of pollutants can be reduced or eliminated by increasing efficiency in the use of raw materials, energy, water, and other resources.”  “…a strategic issue for company long-range competitiveness.”  Cagno et al. 2005

Results  Most industries realized significant cost advantages to reducing pollution at source  Internal rate of return: 77% (range: 1% - 433%)  Investment return: 2.4 yrs (range: 0.1 – 11.7 yrs)  Chemical manufacture segment realized even greater savings by recycling, but pollution reduction efforts were also cost saving

CP CENTERS The global CP-network UNIDO / UNEP National Cleaner Production Centers (NCPC) Other CPC and network members (not exhaustive)

Centro Guatemalteco Producción más Limpia – Guatemala National Clean Production Centre CPLatinNet Centrarse

Los manos hacen cada día del mundo - Pablo Neruda, 1962