THINGS ARE HEATING UP Source: NOAA

GLOBAL TOP 10 EMITTERS Image: WRI visual The Global Top 10 Emitters account for 72.78% of total Greenhouse Gas Emissions

GLOBAL TOP 10 EMITTERS- PER CAPITA Image: WRI visual

IMAGE: NASA Whatever the outcome of COP21 in Paris in December, efforts to shape international climate policy and politics will need to be strategically shifted in COP21 represents this ‘pivot point’. THE UNFCCC PROCESS

1.Send a clear signal that the low-carbon economy is inevitable 2.Connect the global agreement to the “real economy” and “real people” 3.Provide transparency and accountability 4.Accelerate investment in low-carbon, climate resilient economies 5.Build a basis for climate action that demonstrates fairness 6.Ensure the vulnerable have the capacity to build resilience and adapt 7.Link to science with a sense of urgency IMAGE: NASA PARIS AGREEMENT’S SEVEN CORE FUNCTIONS

KEY ELEMENTS OF A GLOBAL AGREEMENT

THREE SCENARIOS FOR PARIS COP21 results in a global agreement, but vague No long term goals in text, but seem inevitable No backsliding but no clarity on future strengthening process Focus on outside assessments Limited financial commitments No agreement is reached at COP21 Hope for multilateral climate action is set back at least a decade COP21 results in a clear global agreement Long-term goals Three cycles of continuous improvement and a commitment to progress over time Clarity on finance Substantial new outside initiatives Heads of state and media engagement 1 2 3

ROAD FROM PARIS: 2015 AND BEYOND Countries develop and adopt nationally-determined contributions –May include both mitigation and adaptation components Countries continue process to develop National Adaptation Plans Other national climate strategies also being developed and/or implemented Parties prepare for next ‘cycle’ to increase ambition – either 2020 or shortly afterwards. Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) begins

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS- CAIT PARIS CONTRIBUTIONS MAP Overview though a visual dashboard

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS 127 INDCs have been submitted so far. Of these 113 are from developing countries. All of these INDCs address mitigation – although highly variable.

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS INDCs are highly variable in content. Different metrics and types of GHG targets used (US & EU: base year target, China: intensity target). Base years for countries also differ (e.g. EU & Russia:1990, US & Canada: 2005).

INTENDED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS 85% of INDCs have included an adaptation component