Delmar Learning Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning company Chapter 27 Chronic Illness
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Chronic Illness “Insider’s perspective” Focus living with and in spite of illness May view self as “healthy”
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Morbidity Four leading causes of chronic health problems Arthritis Chronic sinusitis Deformities and orthopedic impairments Hypertension
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Mortality Leading causes of death Mortality variations among races
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Caring, Empowering Perspective Valuing the client’s lived experience Focus on caring, not curing Empowering individuals with chronic illness Experts in own care
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Relationships Built on Respect Trust Partnership
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Impact of Chronic Illness Physical aspects Psychosocial aspects Spiritual aspects Uncertainty, powerlessness, biographical disruption Economic aspects
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Challenges of Living with a Chronic Illness Preventing and managing exacerbations Symptom management Preventing social isolation Shaping course of the illness Normalizing Ensuring adequate funding
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Living with a Chronic Illness Coping Normalizing Managing the illness Role of the family Family caregivers
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Approach Coping Strategies Information seeking Obtaining strength from spirituality Diversion techniques Maintaining control Expressing feelings, emotions, concerns
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Approach Coping Strategies Using relaxation and positive-thinking techniques Maintain realistic expectations for independence and dependence Maintain social activities Using humor Energy conservation
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Normalizing Hide symptoms Engage in pre-illness activities Maintain social relationships
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Visible Illness Invisible Illness Decision to disclose or not disclose Risk of stigmatization Risk of discrimination
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Managing the Treatment Challenges to adhering to treatment plan Time Energy Money Client’s right to participate or decline treatment
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Role of the Family Types of Roles Rescuing agent Protective agent Assisting agent
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Family Caregivers Positive rewards Role strain Caregiver burden
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: The Nurse’s Role Levels of Prevention Primary Secondary Tertiary
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Primary Prevention Risk factor modification Immunizations Health education Counseling
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Secondary Prevention Early detection of disease Health screening
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Tertiary Prevention Rehabilitation and restoration Client education Disease management
Copyright © 2003 Delmar Learning, a Thomson Learning companyChapter 27 Health-Promoting Family Nursing Assessment Listening to the family Participatory dialogue Pattern recognition Envisioning action and positive change