Thermodynamics of Popcorn

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Presentation transcript:

Thermodynamics of Popcorn Michael Bachmann, Tony Ghaly, Kathlyn Herrick, Sean Rodney Ireland, Brian Lewis, Mohit Moondra, Neel Patel, Evan Rosenman, Juliet Savits Advisor: Paul Victor Quinn Sr. Assistant: Evan Kimberly

History of Popcorn New Mexico’s Bat Cave Aztecs The Great Depression Movie Theaters

Why Fluffier Popcorn? The demand for corn is skyrocketing Biofuel consumes about 1/4 of corn crop Price has risen from ≈$2.40 to over $3.30 Tortilla prices in Mexico have doubled Efficient popcorn is paramount 40% rise in popcorn prices from 2006 to 2007 S D

Why Fluffier Popcorn? (cont’d) 30% of popcorn is consumed outside the home About 5 BILLION quarts at films, stadiums, etc. Prepopped popcorn is also popular in the home Economies of scale are possible A 10-15% efficiency rise could mean big profit rise for 36 oz. popper High market value of popcorn would offset the cost of vacuum Few cents of corn pop a $5 dollar bucket

Thermodynamics Ideal Gas PV=nRT Adiabatic Process P1V1γ= P2V2γ .

Goals Increase size of popped kernels (π) Increase volume per mass (σ) Decrease number of unpopped kernels (ω)

Microwave Apparatus

Microwave Apparatus Procedure 10 g. bag samples in microwave chamber Vacuum pump reduces pressure Pop for 2 minutes 15 seconds Measure volume and calculate σ, π, ω

Expansion Volume (σ) vs. Pressure

Flake Size (π) vs. Pressure

Waste Percentage (ω) vs. Pressure

Variables Affecting Microwave Age of popcorn kernels Limitations of bags Lifetime of microwave Inconsistency with timing

Movie Maker Apparatus

Movie Maker Apparatus Procedure 85 g. samples Vacuum pump lowers pressure Release vacuum after popping Measure volume and calculate σ, π, ω

Expansion Volume (σ) vs. Pressure

Flake Size (π) vs. Pressure

The Popcorn Pot

Popcorn Pot Procedure Pre-heat 20 minutes 20 g. samples Vacuum pump lowers pressure Periodically shake pot Release vacuum and turn off heat Measure volume and calculate σ, π, ω

Expansion Volume (σ) vs. Pressure

Flake Size (π) vs. Pressure

Waste Percentage (ω) vs. Pressure

Decreased pressure increased volume.

Decreased pressure increased individual flake size.

Decreased pressure decreased percent waste for microwave and popcorn pot.

Conclusions Decreased pressure resulted in increased volume Microwave best demonstrated theory Movie Maker is most practical application

ANY QUESTIONS?