UNIT 5: EQUALITY AND POWER LESSON 5.5: JACKSONIAN AMERICA

JACKSONIAN AMERICA

Focus How did the supreme court rulings of John Marshall help establish the dominance of the nation over the states?

Nullification Crisis

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More Cool Stuff about Jackson Gashed by a British officer as a boy during Revolution when he refused to clean his boots….left permanent reminder of hatred for British. Duel with Charles Dickinson turns legendary. When Dickinson fires a bullet into Jacksons chest, he stood so still that Dickinson fell back in disbelief. Jackson then killed Dickinson and walked away with blood sloshing in his boots. While studying law in Salisbury North Carolina, Jackson was chosen to manage the Christmas Ball. Jackson sent invitations to two well-known prostitutes for laughs. No one else thought it was funny. Jackson’s wife, Rachel, came under attack during the election of She died of heart failure, and Jackson blamed his political enemies. “I can and do forgive my enemies. But those vile wretches who have slandered her must look to God for mercy”. Jackson’s only regret is that he didn’t “shoot Clay and hang Calhoun”.

SETTING THE STAGE Andrew Jackson Was Elected With Wide Popular Support. As President, He Stood Up For Federal Authority, Tried To Move Native Americans To The West, And Fatally Undermined The Bank Of The United States. A New Party, The Whigs, Emerged To Oppose Him.

A NEW ERA IN POLITICS “Old Hickory” Breaks Tradition By Inviting The Public To His Inauguration Reception (page 222) Symbolic Of The Nations Political System Becoming More Democratic

STATES EXPAND VOTING RIGHTS In The Early 1800’s Suffrage Expanded As A Result Of: Eliminating Property Ownership Requirements Expansion Of Middle Class Andrew Jackson Benefited From Large Number Of New Voters

THE SPOILS SYSTEM Jackson Believed That Ordinary People Should Play A Role In Government Spoils System = Practice Of Giving Gov’t Jobs On The Basis Of Party Loyalty And Friendship

FROM CAUCUS TO CONVENTION Jackson’s Supporters Also Changed How Presidential Candidates Were Chosen Caucus System = Members Of Party In Congress Would Meet To Decide Party Candidate. Cons = Restricted Nominations To Elite And Well Connected

CAUCUS TO CONVENTION CONTINUED Jacksonians Replaced The Caucus System W/ The National Nomination Convention Delegates From The States Gathered To Decide On A Nominee Supporters Believed This Allowed The People, Not The Elite, To Decide

AP Talking Heads TPS: How did Andrew Jackson increase democracy in our nation? 1. Spoils System 2. National Nomination convention

THE NULLIFICATION CRISIS Tariff Of 1828 “Tariff Of Abominations”, Led To South Carolina Threatening To Secede From The Union John C. Calhoun Declares That States Have A Right To Nullify Federal Laws Not Valid

JACKSON DEFENDS THE UNION In 1833, Congress Passed The “Force Bill” Authorizing The President To Use Military To Enforce Acts Of Congress Issue Of States Rights Laid To Rest, Temporarily…

AP 2 How did Andrew Jackson Stand up for federal authority? How did Jackson respond to the Nullification Crisis?

POLICIES TOWARD NATIVE AMERICANS In 1830, Jackson Pushed For The Indian Removal Act = Money To Relocate Natives Cherokee Sue The State Of Georgia Over Its Removal Attempts John Marshall Orders State To Honor Property Rights Of Cherokee JACKSON REFUSES TO SUPPORT DECISION (Checks And Balances???) Leads To “Trail Of Tears” = Forced March To Oklahoma. 4,000 Cherokee Died From Exposure

JACKSON BATTLES THE NATIONAL BANK Jackson Considered Bank A Monopoly That Benefited Wealthy Elite Truth: Bank Played An Important Role In Maintaining Financial Stability Jackson’s Re-election In 1832 Gave Him Power To Destroy National Bank Forceful Style Earned Him Nickname “King Andrew”, And Led To The Formation Of The Whig Party

AP 3 Why did opponents of Andrew Jackson refer to him as King Andrew?

Review In what ways did Jacksonians increase democracy in our nation?

Review How did Jackson stand up for Federal authority during the Nullification Crisis of 1828?

Review How did Jackson ignore our system of “checks and balances”?

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ACTIVITY Primary source activity.....coming to your own conclusion: Is Andrew Jackson a Savage or Saint?

Learning Log In Your Journal, Summarize In Your Own Words What You Have Learned Today. Use These Questions To Guide You: How Does Andrew Jackson Stand Up For The Common Man? How Does Andrew Jackson Stand Up For Federal Authority? How Did The System Of Checks And Balances Fail During The Struggle Over The Indian Removal Act? In What Ways Did The United States Become More Democratic During The Jackson Administration? Why Did Jackson Support The Spoils System? How does learning about Andrew Jackson help me to better understand the concept of power and equality?