Warm-Up 12/9/2015 Germany was divided into 4 parts after WWII. Why do you think this happened? (Answer this question on your Warm-Up sheet for this week) Create pages in your vocabulary journals for the following words and write what you think they mean: Cold War (page 110) Superpowers (page 111) Iron Curtain (page 112) 4. Berlin Wall (page 113) 5. Eastern Bloc (page 114) 6. Western Bloc (page 115)

Impact of WWII Impact SS6H7b. Explain the impact of WWII in terms of the Holocaust, the origins of the Cold War, and the rise of Superpowers.

E.Q. How did WWII impact the world in terms of the Holocaust, the origins of the Cold War, and the rise of Superpowers?

Holocaust Review of Key Facts Holocaust: systematic killing of 6 million Jews Key person: Adolph Hitler • Location: Germany (which later spread to parts all over central Europe) Time period: WWII Genocide: planned killing of a race of people How: 1. identified Jews with yellow star 2. took away rights/freedoms 3. gathered/imprisoned Jews in ghettos 4. shipped Jews to concentration camps http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_fi.php?ModuleId=10005143&MediaId=183

Concentration Camps Review! Left Old, weak, young Sent to “showers” Gassed to death cremated Right Workers Sent to showers Heads shaved Given prison clothes Tattooed with number Worked to death

Not Just Jews Killed Political prisoners Mentally ill Disabled Review! Not Just Jews Killed Political prisoners Mentally ill Disabled Gypsies, Poles, and others Helene Gotthold, a Jehovah's Witness, was beheaded for her religious beliefs on December 8, 1944, in Berlin. She is pictured with her children. Germany, June 25, 1936.

After Survivors – no homes left United Nations divided Palestine into Arab and Jewish “states” (countries) Israel became a Jewish nation – 1948 http://www.unog.ch/80256EDD006AC19C/(httpPages)/242056AEA671DEF780256EF30037A2A8?OpenDocument http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_fi.php?ModuleId=10005129&MediaId=177

Liberation (freedom) & The End of WWII… Soviet (USSR) & allied forces of WWII were surrounding Germany, Austria- Hungry, and Poland (Central Powers) and were closing in. As they came through, the Nazis had to destroy the evidence of the concentration camps to try to keep the evil secret. Several camps were found destroyed in 1944 and info 1945, but when Auschwitz was discovered with some living poisoners able to tell their stories, the secret was out! Hitler, knowing his regime was over and he’d have to pay the consequences, committed suicide on April 30, 1945. Only eight days later, Germany & the Nazi regime surrendered on May 7, 1945 officially ending WWII in Europe. [***The Pacific (Asian) side of WWII, did not end until August 1945 with the USA dropping atomic bombs on the Japanese (Nagasaki & Hiroshima).] http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005131 http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/vosurrender.htm

Review Questions 1. What is genocide? The planned killing of a race of people 2. Who created the country of Israel? United Nations 3. Who was spared in the Holocaust? None of the above 4. What actions did the United Nations take as a result of the Holocaust? Created a Jewish state and made genocide a crime

Cold War Key Facts When: end of WWII – 1945 What: period of distrust and misunderstanding Who: between Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.) & U.S.A. (and former allies) Why: Soviet Union was communist/command (strong central government controls businesses). U.S.A. believed businesses should be privately owned.

The World Following WWII

Eastern Bloc vs. Western Bloc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zBfIJ4ABIQ Eastern Bloc vs. Western Bloc Eastern (red) Western (blue) Soviet Union Most eastern European countries U.S.A. Most western European countries IRON CURTAIN

Germany Divided after WWII into 4 parts 1948: divided into West Germany (free) and East Germany (Soviet controlled) Capital – Berlin – divided into East Berlin and West Berlin 1961: Berlin Wall built to separate city

Potsdam Conference Why would the communists want to keep people from going into west Berlin? Airport (leaving country) Keep control of east Germany Stop the spread of democracy

Fears “red scare” Each side believed the other wanted to rule the world. People feared a nuclear war would happen. Countries formed alliances for protection. 1949 Western Bloc plus Canada formed North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Eastern Bloc formed Warsaw Pact

Review Questions 5. Which country was the leader of the Eastern Bloc? Soviet Union 6. What 2 terms describe the dividing line between eastern & western, communist & noncommunist areas? Berlin Wall & Iron Curtain 7. Which was 1 of the areas of disagreement between the U.S.S.R. & the U.S. during the Cold War? Best type of economic system 8. When was the Cold War? After WWII 9. The Warsaw Pact was to the U.S.S.R. as NATO was to the U.S.

World Superpowers M.A.D.

Rise of the Superpowers Soviet Union U.S.A. Communist, Command Permanent seat on U.N. Security Council Largest country in the world Military and space technology World-wide spy network (KGB) One of largest stockpiles of nukes in world Influenced world events Constitutional Republic, Free market Permanent seat on U.N. Security Council 4th most populated country in world Powerful military support from NATO Largest navy in world Military bases all over world CIA (spies) Large reserve of nukes Influenced world events

Review Questions 10. As a world superpower, the U.S.S.R. had A seat on the UN Security Council 11. As a world superpower, the U.S. had Military bases all over the world 12. Which condition is required to be a world superpower? Influence over world events

Collapse of the Soviet Union http://www.history.com/topics/cold-war/fall-of-soviet-union Collapse of the Soviet Union Problem: Soviet Union spent $$$$$$$ Putting down revolts in its countries protecting its borders keeping up with the arms race against the U.S.A

Collapse of the Soviet Union http://www.wikiwand.com/en/Post-Soviet_states#/States_and_geographical_groupings Collapse of the Soviet Union 1985 Result improved relations with U.S.A. inspired other Eastern Bloc countries to demand freedom leader Mikhail Gorbachev reduced government control of business increased freedom for citizens

German Reunification Nov 1989: Berlin Wall torn down Germany began to reunify Germany was 1 country again in 1990 Cold War was over Soviet republics gained freedom from Soviet Union. Many new countries were made. Russia is the largest.

Review Questions 13. Why did Gorbachev reduce government control of the economy? An unstable economy due to increased military spending 14. What marked the end of the Cold War? Destruction of the Berlin Wall 15. What was the largest country created from the former Soviet Union? Russia