Robotics Where AI meets the real world. AMAN KUMAR, SECTION –B4902

What is a Robotics? Robotics is the engineering science and technology of robots, and their design, manufacture, application, and structural disposition “A re-programmable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks.”

HISTORY & ORIGIN [ The word robot was introduced to the public by Czech writer Karel Čapek in his play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal robot), published in The term "robotics" was coined by Robots Isaac Asimov in his 1941 scienceIsaac Asimov fiction short-story "Liar!“.Liar! The design for a humanoid robot named Mechanical nights is invented by Leonardo da vinci in1495. The first fictional automatons called robots appear in the play Rossum’s universal robotsin1921.

A robot must have the following essential characteristics : Mobility: It possesses some form of mobility. Programmability: implying computational or symbol- manipulative capabilities that a designer can combine as desired (a robot is a computer). It can be programmed to accomplish a large variety of tasks. After being programmed, it operates automatically. Sensors: on or around the device that are able to sense the environment and give useful feedback to the device Mechanical capability: enabling it to act on its environment rather than merely function as a data processing or computational device (a robot is a machine); and Flexibility: it can operate using a range of programs and manipulates and transport materials in a variety of ways.

Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics Law Zero A robot may not injure humanity, or, through inaction, allow humanity to come to harm. First Law A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. Second Law A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. Third Law A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Construction & Working of the Robot Mechanical platforms- the hardware base Sensors Motors Driving mechanisms Power supplies Electronic Controls Microcontroller systems Languages R/C Servos Pneumatics Driving High-Current Loads from Logic Controllers

APPLICATION OF ROBOTICS Robots are widely used in manufacturing, assembly, and packing; transport; earth and space exploration; surgery; weaponry; laboratory research; safety; and mass production of consumer and industrial goods.manufacturing

Sensors Sensors are the parts that act like senses and can detect objects or things like heat and light and convert the object information into symbols or in analog or digital form so that computers understand. And then Robots react according to information provided by the sensory system Vision Sensor Proximity Sensors Proprioceptive Sensors Logical Sensors

Vision Sensor Camera Frame grabber Image processing unit Proximity sensors

 Motors –electric motors,CNC machine  Driving mechanisms  Power source -lead acid batteries are used,but for potential power sources pneumatic, hydraulics are used.  Driving High-Current Loads from Logic Other devices

Microcontroller systems Speed Size Memory Languages RoboML (Robotic Markup Language) ROSSUM XRCL (Extensible Robot Control Language)

A robot system architecture

Artificial Intelligence What is artificial intelligence? It is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs Can a machine think?

Future Artificial neural networks Robots which train themselves Nothing can be predicted about future.

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