Ways Government Distributes Power

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Presentation transcript:

Ways Government Distributes Power All key powers are held by the central government State/regional authorities hold most of the power Unitary Federal Confederation Strong central government Weaker central government

Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Federation / Federal Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Australia, USA, Germany, Mexico, Brazil, Canada, Belgium, Spain

Power is held by one central authority. Unitary Power is held by one central authority. Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority China, North Korea

Confederation Voluntary association of independent states that gives few powers to the central authority. Common Purpose Agree to certain limitations on their freedom of action. States retain considerable independence. Less binding than a federation. http://www.answers.com/confederation (Politics)

Ways Government Distributes Power Confederation Ways Government Distributes Power Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority European Union Historical Holy Roman Empire Confederate States of America

Citizen Participation High Participation High Participation Select Citizens’ Participation General Citizens’ Participation Government Power Citizen Participation Government Power Government Power Citizen Participation Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Autocratic / Autocracy Oligarchic / Oligarchy Democracy

Autocratic/Autocracy One person possesses unlimited power. The citizen has little to no role in government. The oldest form of government. One of the most common Maintains power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power.

Forms of Autocracy Theocracy = Religious authority and government authority are one in the same. Monarchy = Supreme power is in the hands of a monarch, usually for life and by hereditary right Can be sovereign, i.e. king, queen with a constitution, etc. or absolute ruler. Constitutional Monarchy = A king or queen has to follow a constitution. Their rights and duties are spelled out for them. CIA World Factbook Notes and Definitions

Forms of Autocracy Absolute/Totalitarian Dictatorship Ideas of a single leader glorified. Government tries to control all aspects of social and economic life. Government is not responsible to the people. People lack the power to limit their rulers. i.e. Hitler, Mussolini, Stalin Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

Forms of Autocracy Absolute Monarchy King, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of unlimited government power. Usually inherited. People lack the power to limit their rulers. Absolute monarchs = rare today but used to rule most of Western Europe. i.e. King of Saudi Arabia Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006) King Abdullah

Oligarchy Government by the few usually for corrupt and selfish purposes. The citizen = very limited role. power = military, social, wealth, religion or a combination. Political opposition is usually suppressed- sometimes violently. i.e. China, Caesar's Triumvirate Leaders in the party and armed forces control government.

Republican Systems Republic = Citizens vote for representatives to represent the citizens in government. The representatives vote on legislation not the citizens Federal/Federation = sovereign power is formally divided – i.e. constitution – between the central authority and regional governments (states). The central authority has control over regional governments and individuals. CIA World Factbook Notes and Definitions

Republican Systems Federal Republic = The U.S. Individual states retain sovereignty limiting the power of the central authority. Parliamentary = Prime Minister is nominated by the majority party. (United Kingdom) Upper House voted in by lower house. Lower House voted in by citizens. Cabinet leader cam dissolve Parliament if it can’t function. CIA World Factbook Notes and Definitions

Parliamentary Democracy The Head of State and the head of the government are different. For example: England Prime Minister, David Cameron (Head of Government) elected by legislature Monarchy, Queen Elizabeth II (Head of State) Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

Presidential Democracy The Head of State and Head of the Government are the same person The president is constitutionally independent of the legislature. Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)