Pablo Yepes, Rice U 0 HI May 19, 2001May 19, CMS Heavy Ion Physics Pablo Yepes Rice University oHadronic Collisions sQuarkonia Production sJet Collisions oCoherent Interactions
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 1 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Why HI at LHC Jurgen Shukraft, Quark Matter 2001 Pb+Pb, central collisions (b=0) Pb Before After
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 2 HI May 19, J/ Melting L(fm): Average distance travel by the J/ inside tNuclear Matter. J/ Yield u,d c Hadron gas J/J/ K ++ -- u,d c QGP ud d NA50 Collaboration, CERN
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 3 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Quarkonia Acceptance in CMS Chambers 10% 20% Acceptance J/ at CMS Upsilon at CMS P t (GeV) Full Detector Barrel CMS: J/ mainly p T >5 GeV with barrel, due to cutoff. ALICE: >2.5 with ATLAS (if they do HI) lower acceptance due to higher p T cutoff.
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 4 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Quarkonia Reconstruction oEssential sub-detectors: sTracking devices sMuon system oPessimistic assumptions for background estimates: sdN ch /dy=8000 (most generators < 5500) GeV/c (HIJING 0.39 GeV/c) k =0.67 GeV/c Special Heavy Ion Tracking Algorithm Significant Muon background from and K decays
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 5 HI May 19, 2001May 19, J/ Signal 1 month running at top Luminosity: J/ ’s detected and reconstructed in the Barrel: Min bias collisions - 1 month run - barrel only muons with P > 3.5 GeV/c Pb-Pb /cont.= 1.0 # events/25 MeV/c Ca-Ca /cont.= 9.7 Opposite-sign di-muon invariant mass (GeV/c 2 ) L= cm 2 s -1 # events/25 MeV/c 2 L= cm 2 s -1 ALICE: ~2K events with s
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 6 HI May 19, 2001May 19, month: and 7500 ’ detected in the barrel Upsilon in Pb-Pb Opposite-sign di-muon Invariant Mass (GeV/c 2 ) Background contributions # Events/25 MeV/c 2
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 7 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Upsilon in Ca-Ca 1 month: ’ Only barrel used.
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 8 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Upsilon’/Upsilon ratio as a Thermometer (Ramona Vogt)
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 9 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Quarkonia Reference At SPS, J/ is compared to Drell-Yan. oAt LHC Drell-Yan contribution is negligible. oZ 0 proposed as reference to production. sM Z >M sDifferent production mechanisms: < Z 0 : antiquark-quark, quark-gluon and antiquark-gluon. < : gluon-gluon. oCross check di-muon reconstruction algorithm
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 10 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Jet Quenching Large p T quarks affected by hot hadronic media Jets at RHIC buried in low p T background Look at particle pt spectrum
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 11 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Jets at LHC are Easy for High Multiplicity PbPb omonojet/dijet enhancement jet-Z 0 or jet- dN ch /dy=8000 Total Calorimeter Energy Jet Finding 100 GeV E T - ~100% - (E T )/E T =11.6%. Jet quenching
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 12 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Balancing Photons and Jets E t jet, 120 GeV in the barrel o1 month: s900 events for Pb-Pb s10 4 events for Ca-Ca # Events/4 GeV E T // 0 -E T Jet (GeV) =8 GeV =4 GeV =0 GeV Background 2 weeks at L=10 27 cm -2 s -1
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 13 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Ultra Peripheral Collisions (Coherent Interactions) oLow p T p T < 1/R 50 MeV Low Energy E CM Max < /R sCERN SPS E CM Max =0.5 GeV s RHIC E CM Max =6 GeV Detected s CERN LHC E CM Max =160 GeV A A or P
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 14 HI May 19, 2001May 19, STAR Ultra-Peripheral Event (DNP 2000) End view AuAu P ( Au) Trigger: Low multiplicity and zero energy at Zero Degree Calorimeter (ZDC) Side view ZDC
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 15 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Physics oNew Physics: sStandard Model H production marginal for HI Any exotic particle coupling to . sSupersymmetric Higgs for some areas of parameters space. Mainly studied at e + e - colliders.Typically 0 <m c. tot up to 70 GeV by LEP. oNon perturbative QED, coupling Z 2. e + e - Cross Sections
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 16 HI May 19, 2001May 19, events/sec/G eV AA (barn) events/sec M (GeV) f 2 a 2 f 2 ' c c0 c2 b 0b bb H SM H' events/year M (GeV) AA (M) (barn/GeV) hadrons e+e-e+e- cc bb events/year/GeV Ultra-Peripheral Collisions Cross Sections Meson or lepton/quark pair A A A A
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 17 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Physics, Hadron Spectroscopy o Heavy quark spectroscopy. Very large numbers expected oLight quark: Difficult at CMS because of low p T, challenge for triggering, unless a multiplicity trigger is used.
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 18 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Photon Nucleus ( A) p studied in HERA: W p <200 GeV A at LHC: W p <900 GeV Vector meson production: p(A) Vp(A), V= ,J/ Very large rates, for example >10 4 Hz in Ca-Ca sInterface QCD and hadronic physics LHC will be a meson factory. Competitive with other meson factories like factory at Frascatti (CP, QM tests, etc). sCan CMS trigger on these events. Clean events with only a few tracks.
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 19 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Conclusions oCMS is provides unique tools to study Heavy Ion Collisions at LHC. oSome physics topics: sQuarkonium production: and J/ families. sJet quenching. s Ultra-Peripheral collisions.
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 20 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Addendum: Tracking oDeveloped for dN ch /dy=8000 and dN 0 /dy=4000. Track only particles with tracks in detector. Use -chambers tracks as seeds. oUse only tracking detector providing 3D space points. Occupancy (%) Detector Pitch m MSGC 200 MSGC 240 Silicon 147 Radius of MSGC layer (cm)
Pablo Yepes, Rice U 21 HI May 19, 2001May 19, Interference oNuclei can emit or scatter pair stwo indistinguishable possibilities oAmplitudes add sVector meson has negative parity ~ |A 1 - A 2 e ip·b | 2 < Destructive interference when p T << 1/b