Central Europe 1660.

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Presentation transcript:

Central Europe 1660

Central Europe 1780

The countries Russia expands and centralizes Prussia (part of modern day Germany) militarizes and asserts itself Austria (Habsburg) moves East and South, and makes way for a Queen

Romanov Dynasty Time of Troubles Michael Romanov- Rises to Power (mid-17C)

Peter the Great It’s Good to be King Westernized Russia Traveled incognito through Europe Tough to do if you are 6’8” Focused on Industry Technical School-Academies Education Navy Baltic Sea- Great Northern War Black Sea Centralized the Government Ruthless! Killed his only son, tried his 1st wife for adultery and imprisoned his mistress.

Vying for Power - Boyars – Nobility of Russia, their beards are shorn and government service required Serfdom- Peasants and Slaves

Peter takes control of the Church Patriarchs – Church Elites – Abolished- created a synod– Peter got to name the council!

Subjugating the Military Streltsy- Palace Guard Painting- Morning of the execution of the Streltsy

St. Petersburg Modeled on Amsterdam

Peterhof Modeled on Versailles

Russia, a new military powerhouse The Great Northern War- Sweden Gains access to a warm water port- Baltic- Locates St. Petersburg Expands into Europe In the South gains limited access to the Black Sea Created a War College- move to professional armies throughout Europe Built an army (conscription) 300,000—Life Service?

Russia adds Territory

Austrian Habsburg Empire Melting Pot or Mosaic? Bohemia Galicia Austria Hungary (magyars) Croatia

Schonbrun

Habsburg Line Married ->Spanish Line 15th Century Philip Habsburg married- Ferdinand and Isabella’s daughter. Charles V- divided Habsburgs Spanish Habsburgs ->son Philip II Austrian Habsburgs-> brother- Ferdinand Spanish Habsburgs-> run out of heirs-early 18th Century- Louis IV (France) grandson- Bourbon- becomes King (see war Spanish Succession) Austrian Habsburgs run out of male heirs- dad tries to get his daughter Queen…but…

Pragmatic Sanction Created 1713-by Charles IV Failure led to the War of the Austrian Succession 1740-1748 Lost Silesia Orients Austria more towards the east->Hungary and Balkans Maria Theresa- ruled 1740-1780 Ruled jointly with her son, Joseph II 1765-1780 16 CHILDREN!!! Incl. Marie Antoinette

The beginning of the Rise of Prussia A military in search of a nation Hohenzollern Dynasty Frederick William the Elector Merged Brandenburg and Prussia Controlling and militarizing Serfdom The Junkers - Emigration of Jews and Huegeonots

Prussia Expands Frederick II (the Great) 1740-1785 Takes land from Austria

Enlightened or Despotic Frederick the Great To discuss---chapter 18

Sansouci