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Any language that goes beyond the literal meaning of words in order to furnish new effects or fresh insights into an idea or a subject.

simile a direct comparison between two unlike things, usually with the words like or as “Like a ship under sail, she made for the front door.” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 19

metaphor A comparison between two unlike things using a form of be (is, are, am, etc)

personification Giving human characteristics to non-human things “Then one of the chairs spoke.” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 51

hyperbole An exaggerated statement used to heighten effect “Her kitchen was hot enough to steam the calendars off the wall.” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 6

alliteration Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words “Stir yer stumps.” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 51

onomatopoeia words that mimic sounds “Mrs. Dowdel, whoeee” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 20

imagery Language that appeals to the senses. Descriptions of people or objects stated in terms of our senses. “Blue lightning flashed in the kitchen…” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 28

idiom an expression or saying that is specific to a particular language or culture “You’d talk the hind leg off a mule” –A Long Way From Chicago, page 8