Partner Questions What is a union? Why did workers band together to form and join unions?

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION aka INDUSTRIAL AGE aka INDUSTRIALIZATION OBJECTIVE: I can prove industrialization had a social, political, and economic effect on Western Europe and the world.

Industrialization led to: Factory jobs Mining jobs Transportation jobs

Increased need for workers led to: -People moving from the country to cities to work -Hiring women to work - Hiring children to work - Factory owners hired women and children because there were not enough men to fill all the jobs.

Industrialization caused changes for women -Women’s work went from life on the farm to life in the factories and the city -Women no longer raised their food or made the things her family needed, now they bought them - Women worked 12 to 14 hours a day in factories

Why hire a woman? Cheaper than a man Easier to train than a man Easier to control than a man

Women in factories

Why hire a kid? Kids work cheap Kids have little bodies and little hands and can work in tight places

Selling baskets Why might they be selling these at night?

Selling radishes

Boy shining shoes

Making cigars

Kids in mines

Kids in the mines

Kids in mines

Lunchtime at the cannery

Girls working weaving machines

Working in a box factory

Stringing beans

Kids in factories

Factory Aid Act In 1833 British Parliament (England’s legislature) passed the Factory Aid Act which limited the number of hours kids could work. Do you think these laws were followed? Why or why not?

How did child labor help increase industrialization? How did child labor help business owners? How did child labor help families?

Industrialization increased As years passed

Did this mean more jobs? NO. Why not?!

Better technology Better machines Needed fewer workers Fewer jobs Europeans left Europe to find jobs

EUROPE Many Europeans emigrated (moved) to the U.S. for land of their own or factory jobs

How did industrialization affect: Women? Children? Emigration?