Chapter 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Issues controlled by local land-use controls include how close developers can place units to each other, and how to protect historic characteristics of an area.

2 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Learning objectives –Identify the various types of public and private land-use controls –Describe how a comprehensive plan influences local real estate development –Explain the various issues involved in subdivision –Distinguish the function and characteristics of building codes and zoning ordinances

3 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development The comprehensive plan –Land Use –Housing needs –Movement of people and goods –Community facilities and utilities –Energy conservation

4 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Zoning –Permitted uses –Lot sizes –Types of structures –Building heights –Setbacks –Style and appearance of structure –Density –Protection of natural resources

5 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Zoning ordinances –Buffer zones –Bulk zoning –Aesthetic zoning –Incentive zoning –14th Amendment –Takings Clause (5th Amendment) –Inverse condemnation –Planned unit development (PUD)

6 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Constitutional issues –Power must be exercised in a reasonable manner –Provisions must be clear and specific –Ordinances must be nondiscriminatory –Ordinances promote public health, safety, and general welfare under the public power concept –Ordinances apply to all property in a similar manner

7 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Zoning permits –Zoning hearing board –Nonconforming use –Conditional use permit (special use permit) –Variance

8 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Building (construction) costs Certificate of occupancy

9 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Subdivision –Subdivider versus developer –Land development planning –Plats –Subdivision plan –Density Curvilinear street pattern Gridiron street pattern Clustering for open space

10 ©2013 Kaplan, Inc. 19 Land-Use Controls and Property Development Private land-use controls –Restrictive covenants –Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions – CC&Rs –May be more restrictive than zoning ordinances Regulation of land sales –Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure Act –Georgia Land Sales Act