Chapter 1: Basic biology review Chapter 2: Chemistry review Chapter 3: Biological molecules

 Classification and evolution  Get into 6 groups (1 A 2-3 each, or 4 B 3-4 each)  Diagram the topic assigned to your group on your whiteboard (definitions, key ideas, examples)  Each group will present their diagram to the class and this will guide our discussion of the topics.  Topics: Organization p.2-3; Living things p.4- 5; biosphere p.5-6; human pop. and biodiversity p.6-7; classification and naming p.8, 10; domains and kingdoms p.8-9

 What is science?  What is evolution?  What is a hypothesis?  What is a scientific theory?

 Answer questions #1-22 on p  Answer questions #1-2 on page 17 with your group.

 Skim pages in your textbook. Be prepared to answer questions about the concepts discussed on those pages.  I will hand out a vocabulary list for this chapter. You may re-copy some of these definitions in your notes, or just highlight the ones that you are instructed to define in your notes.

 A chemical bond represents chemical energy and is a force that holds atoms or molecules together.  What is the difference between a compound and a molecule? Draw and example of each in your notes.  Relate the terms ion, ionic bond, and salt.  Compare the contrast ionic and covalent bonding.

 One covalent bond represents the sharing of 2 electrons.  Covalent molecules can have multiple bonds. Write a sample compound with a single, double, and triple bond.  Double covalent bonds are more reactive than single covalent bonds.  Why is the shape of a molecule important?  What determines the shape of a molecule?  Linear vs Bent vs Tetrahedral shapes

 Define electronegativity.  Contrast nonpolar and polar covalent bonds  Define hydrogen bond.  Why is a hydrogen bond important to the structure and function of a molecule?  Each hydrogen bond is weak, but a large number of hydrogen bonds is strong.  Examine Figure 2.9 with the different representations of a water molecule.  Covalent and ionic bonds hold atoms together, while hydrogen bonds hold molecules together.

 List the six properties of water in your notes with a couple of spaces in-between each.  Define and provide an example of each property in your notes.  Review acids (H + ) and bases (OH - )  Discuss pH and concentration  What is a buffer?  Regulation of pH by buffers is essential to all living systems.

 Answer questions #1-22 on p  Answer questions #1-2 on page 34 with your group.  Be sure you know all vocabulary terms in “Understanding the Terms” on page 34.  Your quiz over chapters 1-2 will be on Friday 8/21 before we begin chapter 3.

 Define: Organic and Inorganic compound  Why are organic molecules so diverse?  Functional groups: know those in the book and…..  Define isomer

 Glucose  Fig. 3.6 Structural formula and isomers  Fig Monomer for starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin  Fig. 3.7 Formation of a disaccharide  From two monosaccharides: 2 hydroxyl groups combine to form an ether (called a glycoside bond in carbohydrates).

 Define all bold terms on pages  Create a table describing the different types of carbohydrates.  3 types  Include structure, definition, and examples (at least 3 each)  Describe the three structural polysaccharides  In what organisms are they found  What are they used for

 Fig Recognize different types by shape  Differentiate between saturated and unsaturated ▪ Structure = solid fat or liquid oil at room temp.  Compare triglyceride and phospholipid (bent)  Fig Hydrophilic vs hydrophobic (cell membrane)

 Define all bold words  Copy table 3.3 on page 42  Describing the different types of lipids  Read the last two paragraphs on page 42  Take notes  How is the structure of a steroid different than that of a typical lipid?  Waxes  Hydrophobic and solid at normal temperatures

 Fig Know the generalized structure, not all types (will need to know them in biochemistry in college)  Fig Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure  Protein folding diseases  Chaperone proteins  Cystic fibrosis, alzheimers  TSE diseases – prions (mad cow)

 Create a t-chart describing the six functions of proteins  Define all bold terms on pages 46-49

 Fig DNA vs Fig RNA structures  Fig AMP is related to ATP  The A nucleotide in RNA

 Answer questions #1-34 on p  Answer questions #1-2 on page 56 with your group.  Be sure you know all vocabulary terms in “Understanding the Terms” on page 56.  Your quiz over ch. 3 will be on Thursday 9/11 before your test over Unit 1 on Thursday 9/18.