The Beginning of War

Agenda 1. Bell Ringer: Jared Diamond Writing Exercise. (30) 2. Lecture: Onset of World War, the Eastern and Western Front, Weapons of Warfare (20) 3. Propaganda of WWI (10) 4. All Quiet on the Western Front Analysis (10) 5. Battle of the Marne Primary Video (5) HW: Reading pg 668, Answer the question for the document “You have to bear the responsibility for war or peace.” Objective: Students will analyze World War I propaganda and explain the message given to civilians. Students will draw comparisons between African groups during European Imperialism.

Jared Diamond Question Answer the following question using evidence from the article you received last week. You will have 40 minutes to complete this task. Identify and Describe the five major groups in Diamond’s article (1), and then analyze the impact of the Bantu Migration (2-3) and European Imperialism (4) in sub-Saharan Africa. The following pages may be of help in answering the question: (1)378, (2) , (3) , (4)

Imperialism and Nationalism Nationalism- Pride for one’s country rises during the time period. Rivalry for raw materials, trade markets, and industrial dominance. Imperial Competition leads to distrust. Arms race ensues for strongest military. Alliance System will lead to war.

The Balkan Peninsula Austria and Serbia become embroiled in conflict over the peninsula as the Ottoman Empire declines. As Serbians gain power, Austria-Hungary looking for reasons to assert their power.

The Assassination Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated in Sarajevo, by a Serbian member of the “Black Hand” – Assassins were throughout the route, bombs were thrown and missed the car, he was finally shot when making a wrong turn.

The War Begins

Military Strategy Schlieffen Plan- In the event of a “two-front” war, attack France first, then Russia. – Russia would take more time to mobilize. – Enter through Belgium to avoid the mounting French forces. Invasion of Belgium brought Great Britain into conflict.

The Western Front Schlieffen Plan does not work, stalemate across France. Within two weeks in September, Germans driven 60 miles back towards the Western Front. First Battle of the Marne- defeat of Germans lead to a drawn out war around France.

Trenches Soldiers fought each other from Trenches dug on the Western Front. Between the trenches, “no man’s land” Inside the trenches- dead bodies stacked to stay above the mud. Rats and disease common throughout the trenches.

Battle on the Eastern Front Russian Border, now Germany had to fight on two fronts. Russia was short on artillery, but had plenty of soldiers. (1916) Fighting on the Eastern Front had the Central Powers with the initial advantage, but fighting a war on two fronts never allows for a full assault.

Using the Colonies Imperial Nations such as Britain and France would use the people they forced into servitude to fight in the Great War. Some volunteered, hoping for independence.

The United States Enters War 1915, unrestricted submarine warfare would lead to the sinking of the passenger ship Lusitania. – 128 Americans killed. – While many were outraged, the ship was carrying war supplies. 1917, Germany sends Zimmerman telegram to Mexico. “Keep America occupied, so they don’t declare war on Germany.”

Zimmerman telegram caused the US to enter war on the Allied side. (Triple Entente) Americans that wanted to stay out of war joined in droves to fight in the conflict. (They still had the romanticized idea of war)