Chemistry: The Science of Matter
Why Chemistry?
What is matter?
What isn’t matter?
How do we describe different kinds of matter? Properties Examples:
List some properties of H 2 O 32°F
Examining Matter Macroscopic Submicroscopic
Scientific Model Based on:
Classifying by composition 1. Qualitative 2. Quantitative
Qualitative Example: The water is cold. The flavor of the lip-gloss is strawberry.
Quantitative Example: The temperature is 100 ° C The beaker weighs 34 grams.
Are the following qualitative or quantitative? Pure aluminum is a silvery white metal Sodium has a density of g/mL Atomic mass of carbon is amu.
Classification of Matter Pure substance Mixture
Substance Matter with the same fixed composition and properties
Mixture
Classify each of the following as a mixture or a pure substance: Concrete Helium in a balloon A lead weight Wood
Separating mixtures Physical Change: A change in matter that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance Examples:
Physical Property
Examples of physical properties: Boiling point Melting point Density
Types of mixtures: 1. Heterogeneous 2. Homogeneous
Heterogeneous Examples:
Homogeneous Examples:
Let’s try Classify each of these as a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture: Asphalt road Clear ocean water Iced tea with ice cubes Filtered apple cider
Solutions: May be solid, liquid, or gas Alloys are solid solutions + Solute Solvent
Pure Substances Classified into two groups: Elements Compounds
Element Simplest form of matter
Compound
Formula: NH 3 H 2 O CH 4 C 12 H 22 O 11 CO 2