Chapter 18 continued… Technological developments after WWII? General compositional developments: ► Newer musical systems were developed.  electronic music.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 18 continued… Technological developments after WWII? General compositional developments: ► Newer musical systems were developed.  electronic music ► Some composers attempted to destroy all systems. ► Innovations dealt primarily with tone color, rhythm, and form.

Maximum Rational Control by the Composer ► control over every aspect of performance ► predetermined control of choices the composer makes in writing the piece to begin with -serial organization, serialism, or the twelve-tone technique

Minimum Rational Control by the Composer ► The whole result of a composition is left up to the performer or to the operation of chance ► chance music is also known as aleatoric music ► Most important composer of chance music:  John Cage ( )

Henry Cowell ► Inventor of the tone cluster ► Asked performer to play directly on the strings of the piano ► Influenced by Asian music ► The Banshee (1925) -Listen for sweeping sound effects

New Technology and the New Music ► magnetic tape recording ► Synthesizers ► digital revolution: MIDI and sampling What effect did these developments have on live performance?

Minimalism ► Reduction of compositional materials – relies heavily on repetition, short simple patterns, and subtle changes ► First appeared in music in the 1960’s ► Demonstrates the increased interest in Asian and African music and a reaction to serialism

Steve Reich ► influential composer of minimalist music in the mid-1960s ► Coined the concept of “phase shifting” ► Piano Phase (1967) ► Other minimalist composers: -John Adams -Philip Glass

Multimedia Art and Concept Music  efforts to “theatricalize” the basic concert situation  performance art of the 1980s and 1990s -Laurie Anderson Concept music - Music consisting merely of ideas for “pieces,” the actual realization of which would either be impossible, ambiguous, or manifestly pointless.

American Composers Forum ► Each of the 50 states commissioned to produce a new work celebrating the new millennium – Continental Harmony ► Great example of the diversity of American music

Bushy Wushy Rag ► Written by Philip Bimstein in 2000 ► Baseball and ragtime ► Musical quote from Joplin’s Maple Leaf Rag ► Electronic manipulation of sound – baseball sounds specifically