Section 6.1 Chemical Equations Chemists use statements called equations to represent chemical reactions. Descriptions and observations are not enough to detail chemical reactions

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations A substance that undergoes a reaction is called a reactant.reactant Each new substance formed from reactants reacting is called a product.product

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Word equations are the simplest way to express chemical reactions in words Each reactant is separated by a plus (+) sign Each product is separated by a plus (+) sign Reactants and products are separated from each other by an arrow (  )

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Basic Format: Reactant 1 + Reactant 2  Product 1 + Product 2 Example: Vinegar + baking soda  sodium acetate + water+ carbon dioxide

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Scientific names can also be used Example: acetic acid + sodium hydrogen carbonate → sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Chemical equations use symbols and formulas to represent the reactants and products. This tells you exactly what reacted, and what was formed. Example: HC 2 H 3 O 2 + NaHCO 3 → NaC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O + CO 2

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Symbols for states of matter: (s) solid (l) liquid (g) gas (aq) aqueous [in water solution]

Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) The state of matter directly follows the formula it describes. Example: HC 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) + NaHCO 3 (s) → NaC 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) + H 2 O (l) + CO 2 (g)

Section 6.1 Examples of Chemical Equations Na (s) + H 2 O (l)  NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g) What are the reactants? Na and H 2 O What are the products? NaOH and H 2