Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Florida Benchmark Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company SC.5.P.8.1 Compare and contrast the basic properties of solids, liquids, and gases, such as mass, volume, color, texture, and temperature.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? What’s the Matter? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Matter has mass and volume. It cannot be created or destroyed. Mass is the amount of matter in something. Volume is the amount of space something takes up.

Matter Has Properties Matter has physical properties. You can observe a physical property without changing the matter into a new substance. Odor, texture, and color are some physical properties. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases?

More Properties Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Temperature is also a physical property. Temperature is a measure of the energy of motion of the particles in matter. Mass and volume are also physical properties.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? More Properties Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Density is another physical property of matter. Density is found by dividing the mass of an object by its volume.

States of Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Liquids A liquid is a substance that has a definite volume but does not have a definite shape. Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases?

Gases A gas is a substance that does not have a definite shape or volume. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases?

Solids A solid is a substance with a definite shape and volume. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases?

States of Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Matter is made up of tiny particles. The particles in solids, liquids, and gases have different amounts of energy. The amount of energy affects how fast the particles move and how close together they are.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The shape and volume of something depends on its state. Gas particles are far apart. They can move around without affecting one another. Gases take the shape and volume of their container. The gas particles spread out to fill the container.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The particles in a liquid cannot move around as much as the particles in a gas. The particles in liquids can slide past one another, so liquids take the shape of their container. The particles in liquids cannot move very far from one another. So, a liquid has the same volume no matter what container it is in.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? States of Matter Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The particles in a solid cannot move very much at all. Because the particles in a solid cannot move, a solid has the same shape and volume no matter what container it is in.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The temperature of matter changes when it takes in or releases energy. Changes in the amount of energy in matter can cause the matter to change state.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company When a gas releases energy, its temperature goes down until it condenses, or changes to a liquid. When a liquid releases energy, its temperature goes down until it freezes, or changes to a solid.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company When a solid takes in energy, its temperature rises until it melts, or changes to a liquid. When a liquid takes in energy, its temperature rises until it evaporates, or changes to a gas. If a liquid absorbs heat rapidly, it might boil.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Boiling and evaporation are similar. Both involve a liquid turning into a gas. Evaporation is slower. It happens only at the liquid’s surface. Boiling is faster. It happens throughout the liquid.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Describe how heat energy is released or absorbed.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The temperature at which a certain type of matter freezes or melts is the same. Liquid water freezes at 0 °C. Solid ice melts at 0 °C.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? A Matter of Temperature Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company The temperature at which a certain type of matter condenses or boils is the same. Liquid water boils at 100 °C. Water vapor condenses at 100 °C. Evaporation can happen at temperatures below the boiling temperature.

Unit 4 Lesson 1 What Are Solids, Liquids, and Gases? Properties of Solids, Liquids, and Gases Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Liquids and gases can flow. Gases can expand, taking up more space, or compress, taking up less space. Solids have definite textures and shapes.