 Atoms tend to undergo chemical reactions that decrease their stability  FALSE

 Mass # = # of protons + # of electrons  FALSE

 Oxidation occurs when a reactant loses electrons  TRUE

 The products of an endergonic reaction posses less energy than the reactants  FALSE

 What are the charged particles that move around an atom’s nucleus?  Electrons

 This type of bond results when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons  Covalent

 What do we call the amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction?  Activation energy

 Chemical reaction that can proceed forward and backward  Reversible

 One water molecule will bond to another water molecule by what type of bond?  Hydrogen

 What is the fundamental unit of matter?  Atom

 How many electrons can the energy level closest to the nucleus hold? 22

 What types of bonds are broken when salt dissolves in water?  Ionic

 A basic solution has a excess of what type of ions?  Hydroxide

 Catabolism is an example of an endothermic reaction  FALSE

 Isotopes contain the same number of protons, but a different number of which other subatomic particle?  Neutrons

 Activation energy is the amount of energy available to do work  FALSE

 If pH is increasing from 2 to 6, which ion is increasing in concentration?  Hydroxide

 Draw a Bohr diagram and a dot diagram for the following elements › Carbon › Nitrogen  Be able to draw these for various elements!

 Free hydrogen ions react with a water molecule to form what type of ion?  Hydronium

 What ultimately determines how elements bond to form compounds?  Number and arrangement of electrons in energy levels

 What do we call a substance able to neutralize small amounts of acids and bases?  Buffer

 Substance dissolved in a solution  Solute

 Amount of solute / fixed amount of solvent = ?  Concentration

 A pH is increasing from 4 to 9 › Which ion is increasing? › How many times more of this ion is present at pH of 9?  Hydroxide  10 5 or 100,000