2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

2 Essential questions: What are the functions of blood? What are some disorders of the blood? How are blood disorders treated? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the blood? What are the functions of the circulatory system? What are some disorders of the circulatory system? How are disorders of the circulatory system treated? How do you relate the body’s use of nutrients to the circulatory system?

What are the functions of blood? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 3 Transportation What does the blood transport?- Oxygen, CO2,hormones, nutrients, waste products Why is this an important function? helps remove harmful wastes

What are the functions of blood? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 4 Regulation How does the blood regulate heat? Absorbs heat generated by the muscles, and spreading it to the rest of the body How does the blood regulate acid/base balance? Ensures pH and electrolytes values are within normal Parameters for proper cell functioning

What are the functions of blood? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 5 Protection What function of the blood serves to protect the body? Fights infection What is the relevance to health?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 6 Functions of the blood components Plasma Erythrocytes Leukocytes Thrombocytes

Plasma 2.01 Remember the structures of the circulatory system 7 Plasma Cellular elements

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 8 Erythrocytes What are the functions of erythrocytes? Carry oxygen and CO2 hemo= blood globin= protein What is the function of hemoglobin? They transport O2 and CO2

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 9 Erythrocytes hemolysis  What is it? When RBC’s rupture releasing hemoglobin into plasma  Where does it occur? In the veins  What is the lifetime of an erythrocyte? About 120 days  What happens to old erythrocytes? Broken down by liver Starts here

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 10 Rh factor

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 11 Leukocytes What is the function of leukocytes? Compare leukocytes to erythrocytes.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 12 Leukocytes Agranulocytes  Lymphocytes  Monocytes

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 13 Leukocytes Granulocytes  Neutrophils  Eosinophils  Basophils

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 14 Inflammation Tissue reaction to injury that includes Swelling and reddening due to an increase blood flow to the area

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 15 Thrombocytes  What is the composition of thrombocytes?  What is their function?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 16 Thrombocytes

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 17 Blood types

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 18 Blood types  Compare blood types. (antigen/antibodies)  A B AB O Who can receive type O blood?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 19 Rh factor

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 20 Blood Disorders Anemia Review the symptoms of anemia. Discuss why these symptoms occur.

Anemia Blood condition in which there is a less than normal number of RBC’s, or deficient hemoglobin. Symptoms: pale skin, pale mucous membranes and nail beds Fatigue(tired) and muscle weakness, SOB(shortness of breath) some patients may have chest pain due to decreased levels of oxygen being supplied to the heart Why to people experience these symptoms? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 21

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 22 Blood disorders

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 23 Blood disorders

Contusion verses hematoma Contusion occur when a direct blow breaks blood vessels beneath the skin causing a pool of blood to form under the skin Hematoma- collection of blood outside of a blood vessel 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 24

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 25 Blood disorders Review the symptoms of hemophilia. Excessive bleeding after trauma Discuss why these symptoms occur. plasma has too little of the proteins that help our blood to clot

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 26 Blood disorders Leukemia Leukemia What is leukemia? Review the symptoms of leukemia. Discuss why these symptoms occur.

leukemia Leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood characterized by immature white blood cells 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 27

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 28 Blood disorders Multiple myeloma What is multiple myeloma? Multiple myeloma is cancer that starts in the plasma cells in bone marrow.cancer What are the symptoms? How is it treated?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 29 Blood disorders Polycythemia What is polycythemia? What are the symptoms? How is it treated? Plasma Cellular elements

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 30 Blood disorders Septicemia

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 31 Blood disorders Sickle cell anemia What is sickle cell anemia? What are the symptoms? How is it treated?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 32 What are the functions of the heart?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 33 Functions of the heart Did you know? At rest, 2 ounces of blood is circulated with each heart beat.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 34 Functions of the heart It’s a PUMP What do pumps do? How does this relate to heart function?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 35 Hear the beat!

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 36 Blood Pressure FYI Blood pressure is the surge of blood when heart pumps creates pressure against the walls of the arteries SYSTOLIC PRESSURE  Measured during the contraction phase DIASTOLIC PRESSURE  Measured when the ventricles are relaxed What is the normal range of blood pressure for an adult?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 37 Functions of the heart It’s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It’s electric! Explain the electrical activity of the heart.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 38 It’s electric! Discuss the function of the heart’s conduction system.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 39 Electrocardiogram EKG or ECG SYSTOLE = contraction phase DIASTOLE = relaxation phase Baseline of an EKG is a flat line: P = Atrial contraction QRS = Ventricular contraction T = Ventricular relaxation

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 40 Functions of the heart It’s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It’s electric!

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 41 Functions of the heart Transportation What does the heart transport? What is involved in the transportation process? How is this a circulatory system function?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 42 The transportation process Discuss systemic circulation

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 43 The transportation process Right side Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary valve Pulmonary artery Lungs CO2 and O2 exchange Left Side Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle Aortic valve Aorta Body (Schematic of systemic circulation)

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 44 The transportation process Discuss cardiopulmonary circulation Compare Systemic Circulation To Cardiopulmonary Circulation

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 45 Vessels of the circulatory system ARTERIES  What are the functions of arteries?  What are the characteristics of arteries?  Which direction do arteries flow?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 46 Vessels of the circulatory system Describe arterial blood.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 47 Vessels of the circulatory system VEINS  What is the function of arteries?  What are the characteristics of arteries?  Which direction do arteries flow?  Compare arterial and venous blood.

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 48 Vessels of the circulatory system

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 49 Vessels of the circulatory system

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 50 Vessels of the circulatory system Capillaries What is the function of capillaries? What happens if this action is obstructed?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 51 Remember Pulse Sites? Where do they come from?

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 52

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 53 Circulatory disorders Aneurysm

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 54 Circulatory disorders Angina pectoris

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 55

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 56 Circulatory disorders Arrhythmia Is any change from normal heart rate or rhythm BRADYCARDIA  Slow heart rate (<60 beats per minute) TACHYCARDIA  Rapid heart rate (>100 beats per minute)

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 57 Circulatory disorders Arteriosclerosis

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 58 Circulatory disorders Atherosclerosis

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 59 Circulatory disorders Coronary artery disease

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 60 Circulatory disorders Hypertension  What is hypertension?  What factors influence the development of hypertension?  How is it treated?  Why is it called the “silent killer?”

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 61 Circulatory disorders Heart failure

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 62 Circulatory disorders Murmurs

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 63 Circulatory disorders Myocardial infarction

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 64 Circulatory disorders Peripheral vascular disease

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 65 Circulatory disorders Pulmonary edema

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 66 Circulatory disorders Transient ischemic attack

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 67 Circulatory disorders Varicose veins Prevention  Wear sunscreen  Elevate legs when resting  Wear elastic support stockings  Eating fiber diets  Exercise  Weight control

2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system 68 Circulatory disorders Leading Causes of Death: The Impact of Circulatory Disorders