5 th ITU Green Standards Week Nassau, The Bahamas December 2015 DESIGNING A NATIONWIDE SMART CITY FRAMEWORK Ivan Castano, Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications National Planning Department

Why smart cities? The idea is not to tackle each challenge in an independent way, but to take advantage of the multiplier effect that citywide holistic view solutions can bring to the table. Smart City initiatives rely on cross-department connections and scale to realize their full potential 1. Source: DNP. Based on Prof. Suhono Harso Supangkat Institut Teknologi Bandung [1], Smart Cities and the Internet of Everything (IDC Government Insights, 2013)

Smart Cities and the IoT Challenges Privacy and security. Reducing the digital divide. Break the fragmentation of Smart City solutions. Standardization of devices and solutions. E-waste management. Opportunities Create public value from the Internet of things. To have an ever increasing amount of information for better decision making. To create an open smart city platform for governance. To generate innovative services for citizens.

Think about the digital divide Bogotá Pácora, Caldas Population: 7,8 million people Area: km 2 (urban) Population: people Area: 265 km 2 (urban) Vs. Usually, Smart City initiatives are focused on medium and large cities, that most of the time have better infrastructure than small cities. IoT and Smart cities can accentuate the digital divide between territories, hence increasing inequality in terms of access to technology (for the population).

Smart Cities give meaning to the IoT Smart Cities Citizens “The concept of the Smart City makes the internet of things actionable and specially important for all of us”. Kelly Welsh – (General Counsel - U.S. Department of Commerce) Internet of Things Public value creation Smart Governance Internet of Things (IoT) is a key enabler to make cities become “smarter”, “more sustainable” and livable, but instead Smart Cities’ initiatives are called to provide meaning and make use of IoT technology.

Smart City Platforms to break fragmentation PlanIT Urban Operating System (UOS) Sofia 2 (Smart City Platform) City OS (City Protocol – Barcelona)EPIC

Measuring the “smartness” of a city ComponentVariable Functionality Urban-regional Municipal population % of rural population/ total population Population growth ( ) Population density Agglomerations variable Economic Dynamic Added Value Municipalities income Internet Penetration Economic Disparities Quality of life Municipal MPI 1 Environmental Forest Hectares Investments in environmental sector Security Homicides / people Kidnappings/ people Theft / people Area under coca cultivation Institutional Fiscal municipal development Municipal legal requirements Differences between cities must be taken into account when measuring their “smartness”. A segmentation and gap closing approach is being analyzed in the Colombian case ROBUST development environment INCIPIENT development environment INTERMEDIATE development environment

Measuring the “smartness” of a city Education: illiteracy, education quality, attendance, e-learning, % of population in education institutions, higher education Salud: life expectancy, use of electronic records, on line health, mortality rate of children <5, health level, provision of health services Water: water consuption/cápita, water coverage, water use efficiency, % of cities with drinkable water Air: air quality Energy: energy consumption/cápita, coverage, efficiency, alternate energy Climate change: measurement systems of GHG emissions, GHG emissions, mitigation plans Others: noise control, adaptive capacity to climate change, natural disaster plans Economy: unemployment, poverty, inequality, socio-spatial segregation, regulations of business and investments, strategic management of infrastructure, GDP Government: government credibility, citizenship participation, ICT plans, government expenditure quality, accountability, transparency, quality of government expenditures Public Finance: debt sustainability, contingent liabilities, taxes, collections management Access and connection: Availability of computers or similar devices, Availability of Internet access in households, Availability of fixed and wireless broadband subscriptions Information Platforms: Use of social media by the public sector Information security and privacy: of public services and systems, rules and regulations to ensure Child Online Protection rules and regulations to ensure Privacy protection in public service Infrastructure: connection to services: water, wastewater, electricity, roads, construction Urban Environmental Gob/admin/ec on/Fin TECH VERY PRELIMINARY

Are condidates for intervention in terms of gaps closure YESNO Measuring the “smartness” of a city Once metrics are established, actions are need. So, ¿How are we to proceed? Gap Closing Strategy Broadband Penetration BaselineTarget 2018

Recap 1.Think about the digital divide than can be accentuated by implementing IoT. 2.Smart cities give meaning to the IoT and make use of technology. 3.Break fragmentation of Smart Sustainable Cities through open smart city platforms. 4.Think about sustainability of IoT and E-waste. 5.Develop metrics to measure the “smartness” of the cities

5 th ITU Green Standards Week Nassau, The Bahamas December 2015 THANK YOU! Ivan Castano, Adviser to the Deputy Director – Telecommunications National Planning Department