Rock Type Powerpoint By: Allison, Brianna, & Jade

Table of Contents Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Rock Cycle Fly Swatter Game!!

Igneous Rocks (Fluid and Fire Rocks)

Facts Forms when hot magma beneath Earth’s surface cools down and hardens. The longer the lava takes to cool, the larger the rocks. The rocks that form and harden below Earth’s surface that cool slowly are called intrusive rocks. Extrusive rocks form and harden as soon as they reach the Earth’s surface and they cool quickly. Igneous rocks are classified according to their composition and texture. Igneous rocks turn into sediment from weathering and erosion which forms into sedimentary rock through lithification (compacting and cementing). By heat and pressure, igneous rocks can form into metamorphic rocks. When igneous rocks melt, magma is formed. Magma is molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface, while lava is molten rock on Earth’s surface. It becomes lava once it erupts from a volcano.

Basalt

Granite

Obsidian

Scoria

Pop Quiz!! A rock that forms below the surface of the Earth is called a/an ____________ rock. a) Inner b) Intrusive c) Outer d) Extrusive

Sedimentary Rocks (Slowly Built Layer Rocks)

Facts Formed from particles of sand, pebbles, and shells. Those particles are called sediment that, over time, forms layers that will harden and form sedimentary rocks. Formed in bottoms of lakes and oceans. Usually soft and can break easily but it does harden overtime. Only type of rock that can contain fossils. Transformed into metamorphic rock by heat and pressure. There are three main types of sedimentary rocks: clastic, organic, and chemical. Clastic rocks are made of pre-existing pieces of rock. Organic rocks are made from organisms. Chemical rocks are made of large amounts of minerals that were dissolved in water.

Sandstone

Limestone

Conglomerate

Breccia

Pop Quiz!! Sedimentary rocks are the only type of rocks to possibly contain what? a) Magma b) Crystals c) Fossils d) Lava

Metamorphic Rocks (Changes in Form Rocks)

Facts Form underneath the Earth’s surface from the process of metamorphism where rocks change form due to pressure and a great amount of heat Can form from intense heat, pressure, or chemical reactions. When an igneous, sedimentary, and any other type of rock morph together, metamorphic rocks are formed. The heat makes the rock more flexible for when it undergoes change. Metamorphic rocks have ribbon like layers and could possibly have skinny crystals. When metamorphic rocks melt, they turn into magma which, over time, cools and forms igneous rocks.

Marble

Amphibolite

Schist

Quartzite

Pop Quiz!! How are metamorphic rocks formed? a)Right after lava erupts from beneath Earth’s crust and turns into magma. b) By layers of sediment piling up overtime. c) From intense heat, pressure, or chemical reactions d) None of the above Click here Click here to take the Rock Type Quiz

The Rock Cycle The rock cycle is a cycle where rocks continually change what type of rock they are over long periods of time. Heat and pressure, melting, weathering and erosion, and compacting and cementing are all processes that help change a rock into a different type of rock. The 1 st diagram on the next slide shows how each type of rock is formed. The 2 nd diagram shows where each type of rock is formed. The 3 rd diagram is a very detailed and complex rock cycle diagram just to show you how confusing the entire rock cycle really is.

The Rock Cycle Diagrams

Fly Swatter!! Win mints by beating your opponent and getting the correct answer!

sediment extrusive igneous sedimentary magma lava metamorphic intrusive