Protein Synthesis. Proteins Most diverse macromolecule Shape = function Responsible for many different functions – Structure – Signal – Enzyme – Defense.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The DNA Connection.

Advertisements

3 Types of RNA.

DNARNA 1. Contains the sugar deoxyribose 2. Contains thymine 3. Is in the shape of a double helix 4. There is only 1 type of DNA 5. DNA can’t leave the.

DNA Transcription and Translation

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Trait Chapter 12 Section 3. Ribonucleic acid Responsible for the movement of genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein.

Chapter 13.2 (Pgs ): Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis

1. RNA vs. DNA RNADNA TThe sugar is RIBOSE UURACIL (U) is substituted for (T) Thymine AA=U CC=G RRNA is a single stranded chain of nucleotides.

Protein Synthesis DNA is transcribed into Messenger RNA. Messenger RNA is translated into Protein.

RNA & Protein Synthesis Chapter 13. DNA A book of instructions that tells each individual what proteins to make for their needs. The path from genes to.

Chapter 13.1 and 13.2 RNA, Ribosomes, and Protein Synthesis

The information content of DNA is in the form of specific sequences of nucleotides The DNA inherited by an organism leads to specific traits by dictating.

DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis. In eukaryotes, genetic information is stored in which organelle? nucleus.

Protein Synthesis: DNA CONTAINS THE GENETIC INFORMATION TO PRODUCE PROTEINS BUT MUST FIRST BE CONVERTED TO RND TO DO SO.

Central Dogma DNA  RNA  Protein. …..Which leads to  Traits.

Protein Synthesis Transcription. DNA vs. RNA Single stranded Ribose sugar Uracil Anywhere Double stranded Deoxyribose sugar Thymine Nucleus.

RNA and Protein Synthesis

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis

One Gene- One Enzyme Theory How Protein Synthesis came to be recognized as the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics.

3.A.1 DNA and RNA Part IV: Translation DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary source of heritable information. DNA, and in some cases RNA, is the primary.

Notes for DNA & RNA. DNARNA Double stranded Single stranded Uses the base T Uses the base U Sugar is deoxyribose Sugar is ribose.

Compared to DNA and Types

RNA. What is RNA?  RNA stands for Ribonucleic acid  Made up of ribose  Nitrogenous bases  And a phosphate group  The code used for making proteins.

 British physician from the 20 th century  Studied patients with alkaptonuria › A genetic disorder which causes black urine, containing alkapton  Garrod’s.

Protein Synthesis: Protein Synthesis: Translation and Transcription EQ: What is the Central Dogma and what processes does it involve? Describe processes.

Transcription and Translation How genes are expressed (a.k.a. How proteins are made) Biology.

Molecular Genetics Protein Synthesis Overview. The Central Dogma DNA contains the blueprint for protein synthesis, but proteins are synthesized outside.

DNA. DNA RNA DNA Backbone Structure Alternate phosphate and sugar (deoxyribose), phosphate ester bonds.

Objective: to understand RNA and transcription and translation 12.3.

RNA, Transcription, Translation

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Flow of Genetic Information The flow of genetic information can be.

Protein Synthesis Transcription. DNA vs. RNA Single stranded Ribose sugar Uracil Anywhere Double stranded Deoxyribose sugar Thymine Nucleus.

Chapter 12-3: RNA & Protein Synthesis Essential Questions:  What are 3 types of RNA?  What is the function of 3 types of RNA?  What happens during transcription?

RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter How are proteins made? In molecular terms, genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of.

RNA and Protein Synthesis Chapter 11 C10L10C12. What are Genes? Genes are coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins within the cell.

DNA. An organism’s genetic material Located on chromosomes Genes are segments on DNA Contains information needed for an organism to grow, maintain itself,

CHAPTER 13 RNA & Protein Synthesis. GENE EXPRESSION  When a cell “reads” the DNA, it doesn’t directly say for example blue eyes.  What the DNA actually.

Protein Synthesis Notes. Main Idea DNA codes for RNA, which guides protein synthesis. Protein Synthesis is the making of proteins.

12-3 RNA and Protein Synthesis Page 300. A. Introduction 1. Chromosomes are a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of.

Chapter 12.3 DNA, RNA and Protein DNA, RNA, and Protein Molecular Genetics Central Dogma  RNA - Contains the sugar ribose and the base uracil,

How does DNA work? Gene: segment of DNA that codes for a protein Problem: DNA cannot leave the nucleus… but proteins are made in ribosomes. SO how do we.

The Basics of DNA. DNA Deoxyribose sugar Phosphate bonds Nitrogen bases: (A, T, C, and G) A-T and G-C complementary pairing Double stranded (helix) Found.

Introduction to Central Dogma a.k.a. Gene Expression

From Gene to Protein: Transcription & RNA Processing

Notes: Transcription DNA vs. RNA

Part 5 Translation.

From DNA to Proteins Transcription.

PROTEIN SYNTHESIS.

Protein Synthesis Standards:

RNA and Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis.

5-3 NOTES: RNA AND CENTRAL DOGMA

Protein Synthesis.

From Gene to Protein A.P. Biology.

Gene Activity How Genes Work.

From Gene to Protein: Transcription & RNA Processing

Protein synthesis: Overview

Protein Synthesis Standards:

Protein Synthesis Miss Richardson SBI4U.

Protein Synthesis: An Overview

Transcription/ Translation Notes 16-17

DNA Transcription and Translation

Protein Synthesis: An Overview

Protein Synthesis.

5-3 NOTES: RNA AND CENTRAL DOGMA

Protein Synthesis.

Protein Synthesis: An Overview

Animation: DNA makes DNA

Protein Synthesis.

Presentation transcript:

Protein Synthesis

Proteins Most diverse macromolecule Shape = function Responsible for many different functions – Structure – Signal – Enzyme – Defense – Motility

Archibald Garrod Studied alkaptonuria Inherited trait Mutation in enzyme Concluded gene responsible for enzyme

George Beadle and Edward Tatum Studied neurospora X-ray caused random mutations in genes Neurospora did not grow – Additional nutrients required Concluded one gene-one enzyme hypothesis – Later expanded one gene-one polypeptide hypothesis

Central Dogma

Transcription DNA → RNA Occurs in nucleus Why is this step needed? Why not DNA to protein directly?

DNA vs. RNA DNARNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA) Double strandSingle strand ThymineUracil Deoxyribose sugarRibose sugar Within nucleusWithin cell

RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) – RNA version of DNA – Varies in length – Translated into protein Transfer RNA (tRNA) – Delivery system of amino acids – base pairs Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – Structural component of ribosome – Binds with proteins to form ribosomes – Varies in length

Translation RNA → polypeptide Occurs in cytosol Involves mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA

Genetic Code 4 bases, 20 amino acids…how? Codon: group of three base pairs – How many codons? – Each codon represents an amino acid or start/stop

Homework Page 318 # 3, 4, 7, 8, 11