Lesson 3 Part 1 Mixed Groups

Noble gases stability what makes them useful Helium light weight makes it useful in lighter-than- air blimps and balloons Neon and argon used in “neon lights” for advertising.

Metalloids share unusual characteristics form ionic and covalent bonds with other elements have metallic and nonmetallic properties

Metalloids some can conduct electricity better than most nonmetals not as well as some metals, giving them the name semiconductor. except for aluminum the metalloids are the elements in the periodic table that are located along the stair-step line

Boron, metalloid, first element in Group 13 borax laundry products to soften water. boric acid, a mild antiseptic.

Aluminum, metal in Group 13, is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust. strong and light used in soft-drink cans, foil wrap, cooking pans, and as siding, construction of airplanes.

Group 14 carbon family, has four electrons in its outer energy level where much of the similarity ends.

Carbon nonmetal Silicon and germanium metalloid Tin and lead metals.

Silicon second only to oxygen in abundance in Earth’s crust. silicon dioxide crystal structure of similar to the structure of diamond Silicon occurs as two allotropes.

Diamond, graphite, and buckminsterfullerene are allotropes of an element. Allotropes forms of the same element that have different molecular structures.

Nitrogen family Group 15. five electrons in its outer energy level tend to share electrons form covalent compounds with other elements.

Nitrogen fourth most abundant element in your body. each breath is about 80 percent gaseous nitrogen in the form of diatomic molecules, N 2.

Group 16 oxygen group. Oxygen nonmetal, exists in the air as diatomic molecules, O 2. during electrical storms, some oxygen molecules, O 2, change into ozone molecules, O 3.

sulfur second element in the oxygen group Sulfur nonmetal that exists in several allotropic forms. exists as different-shaped crystals and as a noncrystalline solid.

Synthetics smashing existing elements with particles accelerated in a heavy ion accelerator, scientists have been successful in creating elements not typically found on Earth. more than 92 protons except for technetium-43 and promethium-61

Synthesized elements by studying how they form and disintegrate, you can gain an understanding of the forces holding the nucleus together. Radioactive elements can be useful. technetium’s radioactivity makes it ideal for many medical applications. ure=plcp