FDR and the Shadow of War

Totalitarianism A political system in which the government exercises complete control over its citizen ’ s lives A political system in which the government exercises complete control over its citizen ’ s lives

Fascism Advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a dictator Advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a dictator

Nazism Based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militaristic expansionism- that Adolf Hitler put into practice in Germany Based on extreme nationalism, racism, and militaristic expansionism- that Adolf Hitler put into practice in Germany

Appeasement Satisfying the demands of an aggressor nation in order to avoid war Satisfying the demands of an aggressor nation in order to avoid war

Isolation By 1934 U.S. still trying maintain isolation By 1934 U.S. still trying maintain isolation U.S. agrees to gradually give Philippines their independence U.S. agrees to gradually give Philippines their independence U.S. recognizes the Soviet Union in hopes of opening trade and scaring Japan U.S. recognizes the Soviet Union in hopes of opening trade and scaring Japan

Good Neighbor Policy U.S. scared of fascism and socialism creeping into Latin America U.S. scared of fascism and socialism creeping into Latin America FDR renounced U.S. military action to control Latin American countries FDR renounced U.S. military action to control Latin American countries U.S. image improves image in L.A. U.S. image improves image in L.A.

Adolf Hitler Took advantage of resentment of losing WWI and Treaty of Versailles Took advantage of resentment of losing WWI and Treaty of Versailles Calls the new German empire the Third Reich Calls the new German empire the Third Reich

Joseph Stalin Communist leader who transformed the Soviet Union into an industrial giant Communist leader who transformed the Soviet Union into an industrial giant

Benito Mussolini Fascist leader who made Italy a world economic power Fascist leader who made Italy a world economic power

Munich Pact Hitler wants more territory and invades Czechoslovakia Hitler wants more territory and invades Czechoslovakia Great Britain and France allows Hitler to retain part of Czechoslovakia Great Britain and France allows Hitler to retain part of Czechoslovakia Hitler promises not to take anymore land Hitler promises not to take anymore land

Munich Pact Hailed as an example of avoiding war and creating peace Hailed as an example of avoiding war and creating peace Really an example of appeasement Really an example of appeasement

Ethiopia Mussolini invades Ethiopia in 1935 Mussolini invades Ethiopia in 1935 League of Nations imposes economic sanctions, but were ignored League of Nations imposes economic sanctions, but were ignored Germany supports Italy Germany supports Italy League of Nations proves powerless League of Nations proves powerless

Nye Committee Formed to investigate whether or not major corporations pushed America into WWI in order to raise profits Formed to investigate whether or not major corporations pushed America into WWI in order to raise profits Found not to be true but the press took it and ran with the story Found not to be true but the press took it and ran with the story Furthered American isolation Furthered American isolation

Neutrality Acts laws enacted to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war laws enacted to prevent U.S. arms sales and loans to nations at war

Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco led a rebellion against the U.S. backed government Francisco Franco led a rebellion against the U.S. backed government Aided by Nazi Germany Spain fell to fascism while America stood by and watched Aided by Nazi Germany Spain fell to fascism while America stood by and watched

Quarantine Speech 1937, after Japan invaded China 1937, after Japan invaded China Roosevelt condemns aggressor nations Roosevelt condemns aggressor nations Calls for nations to isolate aggressive nations in order to protect democracy Calls for nations to isolate aggressive nations in order to protect democracy

Non-Aggression Pact Signed between Hitler and Stalin Signed between Hitler and Stalin Stated that Germany and Soviet Union would not attack each other Stated that Germany and Soviet Union would not attack each other Hitler violates pact in 1941 when Germany invades the Soviet Union Hitler violates pact in 1941 when Germany invades the Soviet Union

Poland 1939, Germany violates Munich Pact and invades Poland 1939, Germany violates Munich Pact and invades Poland World War II has now begun World War II has now begun

In the Beginning Germany uses blitzkrieg, lightning war, against European foes Germany uses blitzkrieg, lightning war, against European foes France falls in 1940 and Germany looks unstoppable France falls in 1940 and Germany looks unstoppable

Battle of Britain Hitler decides to try and invade Great Britain Hitler decides to try and invade Great Britain Germans use continuous bombings of London for 57days Germans use continuous bombings of London for 57days British were able to fight off Germany and be safe from invasion British were able to fight off Germany and be safe from invasion

Roosevelt Breaks Tradition 1940, FDR breaks tradition after his second term as president to run for a third term as President of the U.S. 1940, FDR breaks tradition after his second term as president to run for a third term as President of the U.S.

Lend-Lease Act 1941, law that allowed the U.S. to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the Axis Powers 1941, law that allowed the U.S. to ship arms and other supplies, without immediate payment, to nations fighting the Axis Powers

The Atlantic Charter 1941, a declaration of principles in which the U.S. and Great Britain set forth their goals opposing the Axis Powers 1941, a declaration of principles in which the U.S. and Great Britain set forth their goals opposing the Axis Powers

Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms Freedom from fear Freedom from fear Freedom from want Freedom from want Freedom of religion Freedom of religion Freedom of speech Freedom of speech Became the guideline for US foreign policy Became the guideline for US foreign policy

December 7, 1941 Japan attacks the U.S. Navy base at Pearl Harbor