 Workshop 5 English 102

 1. Present your Collage 2. Discuss with partner cities you saw in the videos and complete the sentence stems.

 Active vs. Passive Voice Do a Tchart on active and passive voice features

Active vs. Passive Voice  A sentence is written in the active voice when:  The subject of the sentence performs the action.  The person/thing performing the action is named before the verb. EXAMPLE: My grandfather took me to my first horse show. NOT: I was taken to my first horse show by my grandfather.

Another example  Active voice: My mother taught me to fish almost before I learned to walk.  Passive voice: I was taught to fish by my mother almost before I was taught to walk.

Active voice sentences  When you write in the active voice, sentences are typically shorter and clearer.  They sound more conversational.  If each word costs you a nickel, you want to write concisely and in the active voice!

Active voice does not mean present tense verbs Present tense:  The clerk opens the mail. (active)  The mail is opened by the clerk. (passive) Past tense:  The clerk opened the mail. (active)  The mail was opened by the clerk. (passive)

Active voice does not mean present tense verbs Future tense:  The clerk will open the mail. (active)  The mail will be opened by the clerk. (passive) Present Perfect tense:  The clerk has opened the mail. (active)  The mail has been opened by the clerk. (passive)

Active voice does not mean present tense verbs Past Perfect tense:  The clerk had opened the mail. (active)  The mail had been opened by the clerk. (passive) Future Perfect tense:  The clerk will have opened the mail. (active)  The mail will have been opened by the clerk. (passive)

Passive voice is acceptable …  When you choose to write in the passive voice, you are emphasizing the object of the sentence rather than the subject.  Scientific writing is a good example of passive voice writing.

Passive voice  The three-inch incision is made right above the pubic bone. Plastic clips are used to clamp off blood vessels and minimize bleeding. The skin is folded back and secured with clamps. Next, the stomach muscle is cut at a fifteen-degree angle, right top to bottom left.  $2.40

Active voice  The doctor makes a three-inch incision right above the pubic bone. He uses plastic clips to clamp off the blood vessels and minimize bleeding. He folds back the skin and secures it with clamps. Next, he cuts the stomach muscle at a fifteen- degree angle, right top to bottom left.  $2.55

Passive voice acceptable …  If that agent of action (the individual doing the action) is unknown or needs to remain a secret:  It was reported that …  Unizan Bank was robbed … News writers protect sources this way. They also may not know who committed the action.

Passive voice acceptable  Sometimes, a passive voice sentence will be shorter than an active voice. If it helps clarify the sentence by writing in the passive voice, you may choose this option.  Passive: The interviewer was told to give interviewees an electric shock each time they smiled! ($.70)  Active: The designers of the study told the interviewer to give interviewees an electric shock each time they smiled! ($.90)

Practice!  file://localhost/Volumes/SHARON DIAZ/SUAGMOrlando/English102/Workshop5/Active- passive voice.doc file://localhost/Volumes/SHARON DIAZ/SUAGMOrlando/English102/Workshop5/Active- passive voice.doc  file://localhost/Volumes/SHARON DIAZ/SUAGMOrlando/English102/Workshop5/Active - Passive Voice.pdf file://localhost/Volumes/SHARON DIAZ/SUAGMOrlando/English102/Workshop5/Active - Passive Voice.pdf

 Modal Verbs

 Modal verbs go before other verbs.  cancouldwouldwillshall  mustshouldmightmay  I should learn a great deal this lesson.

Modal verbs are used for showing: a)Whether someone is able to do something: Fred can speak Spanish fluently. b) How likely something is: Janet is eating black pudding. She must be very hungry.

c) Advice You should finish reading your book by Monday. d) Permission “May I go to the toilet in the middle of this exciting literacy lesson?” “No!” e) What someone usually does. Boys will be boys.

Spot the modal verbs: “Can I have another burger?” “You really should eat some vedge with it.” “I usually just eat burgers.” “You must be putting on a lot of weight.” “No, I can eat whatever I want and it makes no difference.” “Well, you will get fat if you keep on eating like that.”

“Can I have another burger?” “You really should eat some vedge with it.” “I usually just eat burgers.” “You must be putting on a lot of weight.” “No, I can eat whatever I want and it makes no difference.” “Well, you will get fat if you keep on eating like that.”

You can make modal verbs negative: I must wash up the dishes, I mustn’t leave my room in a complete mess. I could eat a large bar of chocolate. I couldn’t eat that Vindaloo curry – it was too hot.

Make the modal verb negative in each of these sentences: a)You will stay in at break. b)You could catch a cold. c)You can go first. d)You may turn off the TV. e)You must be boiling. f)You should really be quieter. g)You might get lucky. h)You would believe it.

a)You will not (won’t) stay in at break. b)You couldn’t catch a cold. c)You can’t go first. d)You may not turn off the TV. e)You mustn’t be boiling. f)You shouldn’t really be quieter. g)You might not get lucky. h)You wouldn’t believe it.

Put the right modal verbs into these sentences: 1. He swims really well. He _____ practise a lot. 2. It was so dark I ____ see the path. 3. He’s brilliant. He ___ even juggle with his eyes closed! 4. If she keeps practising, she __ just make the team. 5. He is just not sure. He ___ make his mind up.

Put the right modal verbs into these sentences: 1. He swims really well. He must practise a lot. 2. It was so dark I couldn’t see the path. 3. He’s brilliant. He can even juggle with his eyes closed! 4. If she keeps practising, she might just make the team. 5. He is just not sure. He can’t make his mind up.

6. You ___ spread gossip. 7. ___ I sit here? 8. Jill has ten hedgehogs. They ___ cost a bomb to feed. 9. Sadly I ____ sing for toffee. 10. I tried to eat it, but I _____.

6. You mustn’t spread gossip. 7. May I sit here? 8. Jill has ten hedgehogs. They must cost a bomb to feed. 9. Sadly I can’t sing for toffee. 10. I tried to eat it, but I couldn’t.

Practice  modal-obligation-worksheet.pdf modal-obligation-worksheet.pdf  mayandmight.pdf mayandmight.pdf  willandwould.pdf willandwould.pdf  oughtandhadbetter.pdf oughtandhadbetter.pdf

Modal Adverbs  Expresses likelihood  Maybe,perhaps, possibly, probably, and definetely  In groups of three, no more, discuss with classmates what you found on this adverbs.  Then, present what you found, as if you were an instructor  Compose 9 sentences using the modal adverbs

 Present Museums!!!

Wrap Up!  Write a paragraph with one sentence starter:  I wonder…  I discovered…  I still want to know…  I learned…  I still don’t understand…  I still have a question about…

Wrap Up!  Reflect on what you learned today, without telling anyone. Then, compare and contrast your understanding with any peer.  Rehearse what you got from any classmate, and the differences in your own understanding, and share it with the class.

Assignments  Activities: 1, 2, 3 and 4  Vocabulary List