Wordsplash “quota” Numberimmigrants specificbarred Regulationfixedtotal Percentageregulated

The Fear of Foreigners Scientific Racism  theory based upon the belief that certain groups of people were destined to be superior (Anglo-saxons) The U.S. wanted immigrants primarily from Northern and Western Europe Until 1882, the gov’t had little regulation of immigration –Allowed state control of policies

Laws against Immigrants Immigration Act of 1882  gave the federal gov’t the right to regulate immigration in cooperation with the states Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882  suspended Chinese immigration for at least 10 years Immigration Act of 1891  federal gov’t received complete control over regulating immigration 1892—Ellis Island opened

Immigration Act of 1917  immigrants had to pass a literacy test to enter the U.S. The Red Scare  American fear that Bolsheviks(communists) from Russia were trying to overthrow the U.S. gov’t National Origins Act of 1924 reduced quotas of immigrants to only 150,000 per year  barred Asians

The “new” Klan Founded by William J. Simmons in Atlanta, Georgia in 1915 KKK was fighting against “un-American values” and for “Americanism” Harassed blacks, Jews, Catholics, and all “foreigners” 4.5 million Americans joined the KKK in the early 1920s. Targeted sympathizers too.

Discussing the Illustration 1.This photo shows thousands of members of one organization marching in a parade. Can you tell from their white robes what organization they belong to?

2. In the 1920s, the KKK directed its hatred not only at African Americans, but also at Jews, Catholics, and other immigrant groups. From what you know about the early 1900s, why do you think the KKK included these groups in its attacks in the 1920s?

3. Unlike today, the KKK in the 1920s was a huge group with millions of members– and not just in the South. Why do you think this group’s hateful ideas about blacks, Jews, Catholics, and immigrants had such wide appeal in those years?

Return of the KKK Klan Doc2.mht Klan Doc2.mht Alabamians Plan KKK Tone of article Reason for tone Author’s view of KKK (cite evidence) Message of author KKK Plan Parade Purpose of parade Response of police Why did the “Colored people” not respond? Purpose of the parade according to the KKK

Patriotic Societies Organizations like the National Patriotic Council, American Legion, and Ku Klux Klan distributed anti-immigrant literature to warn Americans against the new radicals “Bolshevism” placed fear into the minds of Americans Congress responded to American fears by passing the Emergency Immigration Act of 1921 and the Nat’l. Origins Act of 1924

Quote Analysis “We do not want to be a dumping ground for radicals, agitators, Reds, who do not understand our ideals.” –General Leonard Wood

WAIMH The Red Scare

Effects of the Red Scare Boost the popularity of “patriotic societies”  distributed anti-immigrant and socialism literature Insistence on conformity Suspicion of organized labor Public intolerance toward aliens Patriotic societies called for the “Americanization” of school texts

Sacco and Vanzetti Summarize the case of Sacco and Vanzetti and its impact on American society. How is this case an example of the American rejection of the “new” immigrants? bvObQ&edufilter=scO_Mq_iPeSU9rbqR5 CtTQ&safe=activehttp:// bvObQ&edufilter=scO_Mq_iPeSU9rbqR5 CtTQ&safe=active K0yoDo&edufilter=scO_Mq_iPeSU9rbqR5 CtTQ&safe=activehttp:// K0yoDo&edufilter=scO_Mq_iPeSU9rbqR5 CtTQ&safe=active

Sacco and Vanzetti Two Italian immigrants were arrested for robbing a shoe factory in Mass. Both were anarchists but no criminals Put on trial, found guilty, and sentenced to die Executed as a result of fear and prejudice towards foreigners

Summary: “It’s OK to Pass Notes” In what ways did the U.S. government regulate immigration? Be specific.

Acrostic English explored America Xtra adventurous Prepare carefully Lewis and Clark Open the way for settlement Riches are motivation Encounter new things Risk their lives

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