Imperialism

Imperialism A policy in which a powerful nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.

Motives of Imperialism Political – To secure and strengthen the military, nation, or the empire. Ideological – Spread of ideas. Economic – Security and growth of wealth of the nation. Religious– religious and humanitarian concerns (salvation and welfare of the indigenous people). Exploratory-explore and discover new lands and people. Remember the acronym: P.I.E.R.E.

Terms relating to Imperialism Colony – an area that is controlled by or belongs to a country and is usually far away from it Can you think of British colonies Protectorate – a political unit that depends on another government for its protection

Signs of Colonization Language Government Sports Religion Ideas (Values)

Other Factors Nationalism Loyalty and devotion to a nation European powers competed to strengthen their empires. Industrial Revolution Growing industries and manufacturing led to the demand for resources (minerals, cotton, oil).

Colonial Rule European empires were engaged in colonial competition Colonies will become the symbol of imperial power Direct or Indirect control of their colonies

What do you see? Do they look friendly?

Africa Trade Before1800s Europeans were interested in slavery After 1800s Europeans were interested in raw material and Cash crops Only Ethiopia & Liberia remain independent Exploration & settlement Arbitrary borders / Conflict Technology New technology helped imperialism Transportations, communications such as trains, ships, and telegraphs

White Man’s Burden "The White Man's Burden" was a poem by the English poet Rudyard Kipling. It was a “burden,” a duty of the “White Man” to help teach the native people into civility. “Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child.” Civilizing the heathens Paternalism assimilation Colonization was beneficial to the native people

Berlin Conference Colonial powers discussed the fairness of dividing the territory at the Berlin Conference (1884-1885) at which they agreed to a colonial map of Africa

Africa (pg 344)

French Colonized North West British Colonized East and South Only Independent Nations were Ethiopia and Liberia

Pictowords Nationalism Imperialism Colony Protectorate Political Ideological Economy Religious Exploratory A pictoword is a picture that describes the definition of a word. Examples

Recreate the map of Africa in 344 List all the names of the territories Color in the territories for Belgian Boer British French German Independent Italian Ottoman Portuguese Spanish

Africa

“School House”

British India The Crown Jewel

India British Jewel in the crown British East India Company Charter companies exported cash crops Made alliances with various kingdoms

Westernization Created roads, created army, police force etc Created the idea of “India” Legal codes Western education and reforms “Sati” – Widow Burning “Thagis” – organized murderers who practiced human sacrifice Infanticide Universities

Pros and Cons Pros Cons Created the idea of “India” Creation of legal codes, education, and social reforms (banned Sati, Thags, human sacrifice, infanticide) Improved quality of life Cons Economic and political restriction Indians became servants to the English

SATI

Thaggis

Discontent (Unhappy) Remarriage Laws Taxes Sepoys – Indian Soldiers in service of the British Rifle cartages were made from pig and cow fat Forced to travel by sea

What kind of meat is not allowed to be eaten in Hinduism? What kind of meat is not allowed to be eaten in Islam?

Sepoy Mutiny (Rebellion) Angry Sepoys rose up against the British Officials – hailed the Mughal Emperor as the ruler British eventually ended the rebellion Executed every soldier and leader Burned, destroyed, and slaughtered villages Fear and mistrust on both sides India’s First War of Independence British India Company is replaced with the Viceroy (highest position held by the British under the queen in India) British become the rulers of India

Bahadur Shah II deposed and exiled

British become the rulers of India

Mohandas K. Gandhi Mohandas K. Gandhi “Mahatma” (Great Soul) Leader of the Indian National Congress Goal was to achieve India’s independence from Great Britain Organized campaigns

Mohandas K. Gandhi Philosophies: Nonviolence Civil Disobedience Ahimsa – “Non-harming” of all life Civil Disobedience Refusal to obey unjust rule Boycotting (refusal to buy) Equal rights : men, women, and caste Untouchables : lowest class in Hindu society