Unit B Matter and Chemical Change

 Changes of states  Properties of matter  Classification of matter

 Melting: A solid changing to a liquid  Evaporation: A liquid changing to a gas  Freezing: A liquid changing to solid  Condensation: A gas changing to a liquid  Deposition: a gas changing directly to a solid.  Sublimation: a solid changing directly to a gas.

 Changes of states  Properties of matter  Classification of matter

What is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. What are the three states of matter? Solid Liquid and Gas

 How can we tell when substances differ from one another?  Properties: are the characteristics that can be used to describe a substance.  Two types: Physical and Chemical

 Physical Properties: property that describes the physical appearance and composition of a substance.  Physical Change: The physical composition stays the same the state or appearance is the only thing that is altered.

 Colour  Lustre Ex Dimond high in lustre and Emerald is low in lustreDimond Emerald  Melting point  Boiling point  Hardness (pg 99 figure 1.7 Mohs hardness scale).

 Malleability Malleability Ex. Gold  Ductility Ex. Copper wire  Crystal shape Crystal shape  Solubility  Density  Conductivity

 Chemical Properties – describes how a substance behaves when it interacts with another.  Reaction with acid  Ability to burn  Reaction with water  Behavior in air  Reaction to heat

 Changes of states  Properties of matter  Classification of matter

 Can be either an element or a compound.  Element: cannot be broken down to any simpler substances.  Compound: two or elements combining in a chemical reaction.

 Is a combination of pure substances.  In a mixture both substances remain in their pure form, although they are not always easily identified. 4 types of mixtures  Mechanical Mixture Mechanical Mixture  Solution Solution  Suspension Suspension  Colloid Colloid