 1940-Selective Training and Service Act (Draft)  All males aged to register for military service  First peacetime draft in nations history  GI – nickname for soldiers, sailors or aviators in the war.  “Government Issue”  Not just men in the military

 Approximately 340,000 women served in the U.S. military during World War II:  Army: 140,000  Navy: 100,000  Marines: 23,000  Coast Guard: 13,000  Air Force: 1,000  Army and Navy Nurse Corps: 74,000

 Excluded from combat positions  Some served doing traditional “women’s work” in military branches (i.e. cleaning and secretarial duties)  Many women became nurses, or used their nursing expertise to help in the war effort (i.e. Red Cross, military nursing units)

 Office of War Mobilization  Organized and collected resources to be used for war  Production of consumer goods stops  Factories convert to war production modeconvert  Pride and Patriotism in work  Evidence that those at home cared about what we were fighting for

 Women were told to conserve in order to support the war effort  Carry groceries instead of using car  Preserved tired rubber  Grow more food (Victory Gardens)  Increased food production, self-sufficiency  Sew and repair clothing rather than buying new clothes  Save cloth for the troops  Contribute to war bonds

 “We look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression…The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own way…The third is freedom from want…The fourth is freedom from fear.”  Franklin D. Roosevelt, State of the Union Message January 6, 1941

 Wartime Propaganda  Office of War Information - Created in 1942  Posters and ads in newspapers, magazines, radio commercials and movies to stir Americans’ patriotic feelings

“Don’t Let That Shadow Touch Them” Issued by the Treasury Department “United We Win” Alexander Liberman 1943

“Waste Helps the Enemy” Vanderlaan “When You Ride Alone You Ride With Hitler!” Weimer Pursell 1943

“Man the Guns, Join the Navy” McClelland Barclay 1942 “Want Action? Join the U.S. Marine Corps!” James Montgomery Flagg 1942

Enlist in the WAVES John Falter More Nurses are Needed!

 The “ideal women worker” – loyal, efficient, patriotic, pretty  A huge icon for women during World War II, and in American wartime propaganda  Inspired women to get involved in the wartime effort

Rosie the Riveter Lyrics by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb, 1942 “All the day long, Whether rain or shine, She's a part of the assembly line. She's making history, Working for victory, Rosie the Riveter… …That little girl will do more than a Male will do… …Rosie is protecting Charlie, Working overtime on the riveting machine… …There's something true about, Red, white, and blue about, Rosie the Riveter.” Norman Rockwell 1943

Grow your own, Can your own Make This Pledge: I Pay No More Than Top Legal Prices

 Anti-Japanese hysteria after Pearl Harbor.  Many expected Japan to attack the West Coast.  120,000 Japanese-Americans forced to leave their homes and businesses.  Established schools, churches, recreational centers, newspapers and their own camp governments.

What constitutes fair actions during times of war? Consider the extent of citizens’ rights in a democracy during wartime. To safeguard American security, can the government carry out actions that violate the rights of American citizens? Or may the Constitution never be violated even under wartime circumstances?

Japanese Internment Propaganda Video As you watch the video, complete the video response sheet provided Japanese Internment Rap

 In time of war, is it acceptable for the United States government to suspend some of your civil liberties?  Or should the government never violate your Constitutional rights?  Why or why not?  Present-day examples?