Quick Refresher Quick Refresher Define the following terms: Rock Rock Cycle Igneous Rock Metamorphic Rock Sedimentary Rock

What is a Rock?  Solid  Naturally-occurring  Inorganic  Mixture of minerals and other materials.

What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?  Rocks are mixtures of ONE or MORE minerals.

What is a Rock?  Rocks are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed:  SEDIMENTARY  IGNEOUS  METAMORPHIC

 Formed from sediments (rock fragments, mineral grains, animal & plant remains) that are pressed (compacted) and stuck (cemented) together.  EXAMPLES: Limestone and conglomerate.

Sedimentary Rock

SEDIMENTARY 1.Weathering 2.Erosion 3.Compacting COLOR THE ARROWS BROWN 1.Weathering 2.Erosion 3.Compacting

Once a rock is formed, does it stay the same rock forever?  NO!

 Rocks are continually changed by many processes, such as –Weathering and erosion, – compaction and cementation, – melting and cooling –Intense heat and pressure  Rocks can change to and from the three types

What is a Rock?  Rocks are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed:  SEDIMENTARY  IGNEOUS  METAMORPHIC

 “Ignis” = Latin for “fire”  Formed from the cooling of either magma or lava  The most abundant type of rock  Melted rock cools and hardens  EXAMPLES: Obsidian and Basalt

What is a Rock?  Rocks are divided into 3 groups based on how they were formed:  SEDIMENTARY  IGNEOUS  METAMORPHIC

 Rocks that have changed due to intense heat and pressure  “Meta” means “change” and morphosis means “form” in Greek  Igneous, sedimentary and other metamorphic rocks can change to become metamorphic rocks  Heat or pressure changes rocks changes rocks EXAMPLES: Marble and Gneiss.

What is the process through which rocks change?  The Rock Cycle—earth materials change back and forth among the different types of rocks in a never-ending cycle.

IGNEOUS SEDIMENTARY 1.Weathering 2.Erosion 3.Compacting 1.Weathering 2.Erosion 3.Compacting 1.Melting 2.Cooling 3.Hardening 1.Melting 2.Cooling 3.Hardening METAMORPHIC Heat and Pressure

How Can I Tell The Difference?  Crystals? Metamorphic  Fossils? Sedimentary  Gas bubbles Igneous  Glassy surface Igneous  Ribbonlike layers ---- Metamorphic  Sand or pebbles? Sedimentary

How are rocks redistributed?  The core, mantle, & crust are one giant rock recycling machine

A Rock’s Story  Tell the story of a rock’s life cycle by making a comic strip starring a rock.  Give this rock a human personality and character.  Your comic must: –Explain the rock cycle in your own words. –Describe all the ways a rock can change.  Your comic should include: –The 3 types of rocks –The way each type of rock is formed –How one type of rock can change into another. –Pictures to illustrate the rock cycle.