Theories w What is a “theory”? Existing facts New facts

Theory Integrating facts Generating new facts

Theoretical Models w What roles do theoretical models serve?

Conceptual Frameworks w Phase Stage Theories w Developmental Task Theories w Developmental Milestone Theories w Ecological DST Behavior

Theories Associated with MD w Freud- psychoanalytic w Erikson - psychosocial w Gesell – maturational w Havighurst- environmental w Piaget – cognitive development

Piaget w Problems with Piaget’s research ( in hindsight) ?

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development w Most detailed w Guideline for understanding

w Interactions of cognitive and psychomotor w Cognitive development depends on the child’s ability to MOVE w Vice versa

Gallahue’s Life Span Model of Motor Development w What type of theoretical model is Gallahue’s Hourglass Model ?

Reflexive Movement Phase w Reflexive movements = Heredity & highly predictable

Rudimentary Movement Phase w First forms of voluntary movement

Fundamental Movement Phase w Foundational w “Springboard” for future w Spans: 2 years to 6 years of age w Motor skill acquisition dependent on? Quality instruction Quality practice Quality feedback

w What motor skills comprise the Fundamental Movement Phase?

Stages of the FMS w Initial stage w Emergent Elementary stage w Proficient stage

Specialized Movement Phase Outgrowth of FM Phase w Age approximations w Variety of movements w FMS are refined, combined & elaborated upon

w Stages of the Specialized Movement Phase: Transitional Stage Application stage: Lifelong Utilization stage

Turning the “Hour Glass” Over Social & cultural influences ? Sand begins to pour out during late teens-early 20’s : WHY? Hereditary filter- limited control Lifestyle filter- controllable factors