Bloodborne Pathogens Sports Medicine I

OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Guidelines Occupational Safety and Health Administration Guidelines The main federal agency charged with the enforcement of safety and health legislation. The main federal agency charged with the enforcement of safety and health legislation.

OSHA Was established in 1992 Was established in 1992 Established regulations concerning exposure bloodborne pathogens (BBP) Established regulations concerning exposure bloodborne pathogens (BBP) Bloodborne Pathogens: those micro-organisms that are carried in the blood throughout the body Bloodborne Pathogens: those micro-organisms that are carried in the blood throughout the body

Bloodborne Pathogens Most concern pathogens Most concern pathogens HBV HBV HCV HCV HIV HIV

HBV Hepatitis B Hepatitis B Major cause of viral infection: results in swelling, soreness, and loss of normal liver function. Major cause of viral infection: results in swelling, soreness, and loss of normal liver function. Symptoms include Symptoms include  Flulike symptoms  Fatigue  Weakness  Nausea  Abdominal pain  Headache  Fever  jaundice

HCV Hepatitis C Hepatitis C 80% of those infected show no signs or symptoms. 80% of those infected show no signs or symptoms. Those who are symptomatic may be jaundiced and/or have mild abdominal pain, particularly in the upper right quadrant. Those who are symptomatic may be jaundiced and/or have mild abdominal pain, particularly in the upper right quadrant.  Loss of appetite  Nausea  Fatigue  Muscle or joint pain  Dark urine

Jaundice

HIV HIV is a retrovirus that combines with a host cell. HIV is a retrovirus that combines with a host cell. Retrovirus enters a host cell and changes its RNA to pro-viral DNA replica. Retrovirus enters a host cell and changes its RNA to pro-viral DNA replica. Symptoms include: Symptoms include:  Fatigue  Weight loss  Muscle or joint pain  Painful or swollen glands  Night sweats  Fever

Protective Measures Protective Equipment Protective Equipment  Disposable non-latex gloves  Nonabsorbent gowns or aprons  Masks and shields  Eye protection  Disposable mouthpieces for resuscitation devices

Athletic Training Situations Treating an athlete with a bloody wound Treating an athlete with a bloody wound Serum fluid in blisters Serum fluid in blisters Vomit Vomit Saliva Saliva Gloves should be worn at ALL times! Gloves should be worn at ALL times! Effective cleaning solution is one part bleach to 10 parts water (1:10) Effective cleaning solution is one part bleach to 10 parts water (1:10)

Key Terms Universal Precautions: guidelines established for the prevention of the spread of infectious materials Universal Precautions: guidelines established for the prevention of the spread of infectious materials Contamination: the process of infection Contamination: the process of infection Transmission of Disease: methods where disease can be transferred from one individual to another Transmission of Disease: methods where disease can be transferred from one individual to another Standard Precautions: guidelines established for the prevention of the spread of infectious materials Standard Precautions: guidelines established for the prevention of the spread of infectious materials