by Colon, Donovan Luera, Michael Navarro, Matthew
Mouth and Salivary Glands Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Liver Large Intestine
Where Digestion first occurs Salivary glands soften and moisten food while you chew making it easier to swallow and digest A Digestive Enzyme called Amylase makes carbohydrates (sugars and starches) break down After all this happens food is swallowed then pushed down a tube-like organ (by wavelike muscle contractions called peristalsis) called the esophagus which transports food from the mouth to the stomach
Food enters the stomach from the esophagus from the Cardiac Sphincter Within ten seconds of food being swallowed the stomach mixes food with digestive juices to begin the production of chyme. It takes four hours time to produce chyme which is slowly drained down the stomach through the Pyloric Sphincter to the duodenum (connection point of the stomach and small Intestine)
Where most digestion and absorption occurs Structure: The small intestine starts at the stomach and ends at the large intestine. It is roughly 6 meters (20 feet) long but it’s not able to absorb all body nutrients required. The inner wall is made of two kinds of folds: plicae circulars and rugae. The intestine is made of three distinct zones: duodenum, jejunum and ileum. However the differences between these are microscopic. Function It is considered the part where the 'most extensive part of digestion' occurs because it is where most of the chemical digestion takes place. The major nutrients produced are carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
Structure: The liver is reddish-brown in color. The liver is split into two unequal sized lobes; in them are blood capillaries, liver cells and the bile capillaries. Functions in Digestion: It processes the nutrients absorbed from the small intestine. The liver creates bile that is used in the digestion of fat. The liver is the body’s chemical "factory," because it uses the raw materials absorbed by the intestines and makes all the chemicals the body needs to function.
Structure: The average adult large intestine is 5 cm wide and 1.5 meters long. It’s made of caecum, colon, rectum and anal canal. Functions: Reabsorbs water and other mineral ions. Forms and temporarily stores feces.
An inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the lining of the stomach. Cause: Caused by irritation due to excessive alcohol use, chronic vomiting, stress, or the use of certain medications. -May also be caused by; -Helicobacter pylori: A bacteria that lives in the mucus lining of the stomach. Without treatment, can lead to ulcers, or stomach cancer -Pernicious anemia; form of anemia that occurs when the stomach lacks to absorb vitamin b12
Symptoms: -Nausea -Abdominal pain -Vomiting -Indigestion -Hiccups -Loss of appetite -Vomiting blood or coffee ground like material Treatment: -Taking antacids and other drugs to reduce stomach acid -Avoiding hot and spicy foods -If gastritis is caused by h pylori infection, then your doctor will prescribe antibiotics and antacid blocking drugs -If gastritis is cause by pernicious anemia then you will receive vitamin B12 shots
Cheatsheet. The Body. Science Channel. April Emedicinehealth. Sandeep Mukherjee April < gestive_system/article_em.htm