NEW ASIAN EMPIRES Wrap-Up and Review

Do Now: Years of Power-Match the below years with the correct empires on your chart 1300s s s/

Where in the World?

OTTOMAN EMPIRE Suleyman expanded the empire to its greatest height and power. Reformed Taxes Kanuni-Law Giver

Ottomans ◦Muslim Turks of Anatolia ◦“ghazis”-warriors for Islam Faith ◦Osman I -founded Ottoman Empire 1300’s ◦Sunni Muslims, Tax on non-Muslims ◦Grows to become European power-key = military ◦Janissaries ◦Gunpowder weapons (Cannons)

Millet System

Expansion continues ◦Mehmed II -phase of expansion (1400s) ◦1453 took Constantinople (Istanbul) ◦1514 crushed Safavids ◦Height under Suleyman I ◦Decline ◦Heirs ◦Lasted until 1918 (WWI) The bombards weighed 19 tons, took 200 men and sixty oxen to emplace, and could fire just seven times a day.

The Süleymaniye Mosque-Istanbul *

Safavid Empire Ottoman and Safavid Rivalry

Ottoman and Safavid Review Complete the Matching Exercise to Review the Two Empires

Safavids (Persian Muslims) ◦Islam- Shia ◦1 st Shah-Esma’il ◦Battled Ottomans to convert all Muslims to Shiism-lost due to Ottoman’s superior gundpowder weapons (1514) ◦1588-’Abbas-greatest Safavid leader ◦Famous for tiles ◦Persian carpets ◦Lasted until 1722 ◦*IRAN

Arts of the Safavids

Artistic Development ◦Glazed tiles and ceramics ◦Colorful Tiles and Domes ◦Hand-woven Persian Carpets

Mughal Empire

Mughal Empire Review- Timeline Review Activity ◦Gupta ◦Delhi Sultanate ◦Babur ◦Founding of Mughal Empire ◦Akbar ◦Religious Toleration ◦Jahangir ◦Conflict with Sikhism ◦Shah Jahan ◦Taj Mahal ◦Aurangzeb ◦Empire brought to geographically largest extent ◦No religious toleration

The Mughal Empire ◦Muslims come to rule Northern India and establish a government called Delhi sultanate ◦Tolerant=blended Muslim and Indian elements ex: Urdu ◦Babur-defeated Delhi and founded Mughal Empire (1526) ◦Wealth and power

◦Akbar the Great-tried to unite his diverse empire ◦Commitment to justice, religious tolerance, expansion of empire ◦Jahangir-continued Akbar’s ways ◦Sikhism-blended Islam and Hinduism ◦Shah Jahan- Cultural Golden Age ◦Built Taj Mahal ◦Taxed heavily ◦no religious tolerance ◦Aurangzeb ◦Supported the growth of Sunni Islam ◦Increased the empire to its largest size ◦Decline ◦Fell to the British

Ming and Qing Dynasty

Ming and Qing Dynasty Review Complete the Ming and Qing Dynasty Fill in the Blank Exercise

Ming Dynasty ◦1368 Hongwu (Vastly Martial) starts ◦Lasts ◦Worked to Eliminate Mongol Influence and reestablish Chinese Culture ◦Furthers power of Emperor ◦Yonglo- moves capital to Beijing (Forbidden City) ◦Zheng He

Zheng He Travels

Ming Policy Changes ◦Isolation ◦End voyages ◦Force all foreign merchants to trade only in designated areas ◦Disliked influence of Europeans (Ricci) ◦Restored Great Wall ◦Prosperous time ◦Blue and White Porcelain ◦Silk ◦Increased Literacy

Qing Dynasty ◦Dynastic Cycle late 1600s ◦Corruption grows, new leadership group emerges ◦Manchu attack Ming and take over ◦Qing Dynasty established

Qing Dynasty ◦Lasts ◦Showed respect for Chinese customs while maintaining separation ◦Kangxi ◦Jesuits ◦Qianlong ◦Conquered Taiwan, Mongolia, and Tibet ◦Isolation

Medieval Japan and Korea

Japanese Feudalism 80%

Japan ◦Why Feudalism? ◦Samurai- Bushido, Zen Buddhism ◦Shogun ◦Kamakura ◦Tokugawa ◦Relations with West ◦Art

Korea ◦Choson Kingdom ◦ ◦Rule based on Confucianism ◦Invaded 1500s by Japan ◦Invaded 1600s by China

Mongol Impact ◦Ottomans: First broke up Anatolia, leading Osman to come into power. Weakened by attacks from Timur. Mehmed II would strengthen the empire again by conquering Constantinople ◦Mughals: Founded by Babur-claimed to be a descendant of the Mongols ◦Ming Dynasty: Took over after the death of Kublai Khan from the Yuan Dynasty (Mongols) ◦Japan: Multiple Mongol Invasions

Chronologies Put the following in order ◦China’s Ming dynasty begins ◦Manchus found the Qing Dynasty in China ◦Mughal Empire founded ◦The Choson Dynasty begins in Korea ◦Safavid Empire founded ◦Tokugawas gain power in Japan ◦Mehmed II and the Ottomans conquer Constantinople ◦Osman founds Ottoman State

Timeline ◦Osman founds Ottoman State 1300 ◦China’s Ming dynasty begins 1368 ◦The Choson Dynasty begins in Korea 1392 ◦Mehmed II and the Ottomans conquer Constantinople 1453 ◦Safavid Empire founded 1501 ◦Mughal Empire founded 1526 ◦Tokugawas gain power in Japan 1603 ◦Manchus found the Qing Dynasty in China 1644

So what? ◦Why is it important to study the cultures and histories of the New Asian empires?