© Keith Vander Linden, 2005 1 Graphs and Charts ● Quantitative data can frequently be illustrated in a compelling way using charts and graphs. – see www.gapminder.org.

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Presentation transcript:

© Keith Vander Linden, Graphs and Charts ● Quantitative data can frequently be illustrated in a compelling way using charts and graphs. – see for fascinating, interactive chartswww.gapminder.org ● Spreadsheet systems usually provide graphing and charting capabilities. ● Here are some examples.

© Keith Vander Linden, 2005

Bar chart of same data 3

© Keith Vander Linden, 2005 Pie chart of same data 4

© Keith Vander Linden, image from VDQI, 1983

© Keith Vander Linden, Chart Types ● Pie charts – proportional relationships ● Column/bar charts – relative numeric information – (rather than percentages) ● Line charts – change in values over time ● Maps – geographical information – spatial relationships

© Keith Vander Linden, Graph/Chart Issues ● Data values can, however, be obscured or misrepresented using charts. ● Here are some examples.

© Keith Vander Linden, 2005

10 image from VDQI, 1983

© Keith Vander Linden, image from VDQI, 1983

© Keith Vander Linden, image from VDQI, 1983

© Keith Vander Linden, Lying graphics cheapen the graphical art everywhere … When a chart on television lies, it lies millions of times over; when a New York Times chart lies, it lies 900,000 times over to a great many important and influential readers. VDQI, p Edward Tufte (1940-) VDQI, 1983 images from Oct., 2004www.edwardtufte.com

© Keith Vander Linden, from Calvin College Chimes, Oct. 6, 2000

© Keith Vander Linden, from Calvin College Chimes, Sept. 29, 2000

© Keith Vander Linden, image from Exploring Microsoft Excel 97, Grauer & Barber, 1998

© Keith Vander Linden, image from Exploring Microsoft Excel 97, Grauer & Barber, 1998

© Keith Vander Linden, Using Charts/Graphs Properly ● Decide what you want to present. ● Present it accurately and unambiguously. – Let the graphic values/change accurately depict the data values/change. – Clearly label all relevant details. – Don’t graphically mix dissimilar elements. – Use the right type of graph. – Don’t add “chartjunk”.

© Keith Vander Linden, Technology and Lying ● It is as easy to lie or mislead with technology. ● “When he lies, he speaks his native language, for he is a liar and the father of lies.” - John 8:44 What’s the Big Idea

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