Overall Hypothesis IF N-glycans on PRRs are the first to recognize invading pathogens, THEN mutations in genes that encode for N-glycosylation enzymes will cause a decreased or non-existent immune response.

Results: Figure 1 Figure 1A & 1B Hypothesis: IF N-glycans recognize invading pathogens and stimulate a seedling growth arrest immune response, THEN mutations in genes that encode for N-glycosylation enzymes will leave growth unaffected.

Figure 1 Background Method: – tDNA insertion mutants – 100nM elf18 or flg22 treatment GOI - Gene of Interest ARM - Antibiotic Resistance Marker GOI Ti Plasmid ARM Agrobacterium

Figure 1A Out of ALL mutants, only stt3a-2 was strongly insensitive to MAMP treatment

Results: Figure 1 Hypothesis Supplemental Figure 2 IF N-glycans recognize invading pathogens and stimulate an “oxidative burst” immune response, THEN mutations in genes that encode for N-glycosylation enzymes will decrease the “oxidative burst” immune response.

Results: Supplemental Figure 2

Figure 1B Background Method: – Col-O and mutants treated with 0.5x10 8 cfu/ml of Pseudomonas psyringae pv. tomato DC3000 bacteria. Hypothesis Figure 1B IF an immune response decreases bacterial viability, THEN mutations in N-glycosylation that decrease immune response will have no effect on bacterial viability.

Figure 1B Mutants showed to be more susceptible to bacteria

Figure 2 Background Method: – Cross-linking – SDS-PAGE Hypothesis Figure 2A: IF peptide shape is essential to pathogen recognition, THEN cross-linked peptides will result in a loss of function for N-glycosylation mutants.

Cross-linking Radioactivity-labeled elf26 and flg22 peptides(MAMP variants) – in vitro – Bind to receptors EFR and FLS2 – If receptor is still present we will see a band at 150kDa (EFR) or 175kDa (FLS2) – Shows ligand binding and response

SDS-Page Separates proteins according to their size

Figure 2A

Results: Figure 2 Hypothesis Figure 2B IF N-glycosylation is responsible for protein folding, then mutation in the N-glycosylation pathway will result in decreased PRR accumulation.

Figure 2B

Results: Figure 2 Localization of PRRs in selected N- glycosylation mutants IF EFR and FLS2 are truly membrane-bound proteins, THEN a fluorescent tag on these PRRs will result in localization at the plasma membrane.

Confocal Microscopy

Figure 2C

Supplemental Figure 5A & B

Results: Figure 3 Hypothesis for Figure 3 IF tunicamycin causes N-glycan degradation, THEN a gel will reveal band shift proportional to N-glycans present on wildtype PRRs.

Figure 3A

Figure 3B

Figure 3C

Figure 3D

Results Figure 4 Hypothesis for Figure 4A IF EFR function is solely based on N- Glycosylation, THEN point mutations to elimate N-Glycosylation motifs will result in EFR dysfunction.

EFR

Figure 4A

Figure 4B

Figure 4C