Thursday, October 27, 2011

 May 2012

 Background  Problem Statement  Design Specification  Goals  Implementation  Budget  Timeline

 High Cell Phone Usage in the U.S.

 First SMS message sent on December 3, 1992 “Merry Christmas” Neil Papworth’s personal computer Richard Jarvis’s Orbitel 901 handset

 Drastic Increase In Text Messaging

 Statistics shown here from study of people texting and driving. Drivers spent 400% more time with their eyes off the road when texting. Drivers made 28% more lane excursions when texting. The number of incorrect lane changes increased by 140% when texting. The variability in lateral lane position increased by up to 70% when sending texts during the traffic light, pedestrian and car following events.

 34 states and the District of Columbia have banned text messaging for drivers

 Commercial products exist to help  Dragon Dictation Application › Upside:  High user rates and feedback  People are proactively working to make the road safer by use

 Dragon Dictation › Downside  Still require drivers to take their eyes off the road in order to start and finish sending a text

 Research on improved text response techniques by Ju and Paek › Canned (PCFG) vs. Dictation (SLM) vs. Voice Search

 Follow up study in driving simulator › Dictation vs. Voice Search › Findings:  No apparent differences in terms of driving performance

 Expand the findings of Ju and Paek  Pinpoint when driving is affected by responding to SMS messages with speech  Use the Project54 driving simulator, eye tracker and physiological measures

 Two independent variables › SMS Reply Approach › Driving Condition  2 x 1 repeated measures SMS Reply with Voice Search SMS Reply with Dictation Constant Driving Condition

 Dictation Approach › Using a language model trained on typical SMS responses  Voice Search › Using template matching

 High fidelity driving simulator › 180 degree field of view › Full-width car cab › Tilting motion platform › Audio › Vibrates

 Eye tracker › Pair of camera’s mounted on the dashboard › Records gaze direction and pupil size

1 23  Participant Recruitment

 Which has a more significant impact on drivers ?  Dictation Approach  Deciphering the sometimes nonsensical misrecognitions of dictation  Search Response Approach  Verifying whether SMS response templates match the meaning of the intentional reply

 Primary Task - Driving › Straight Highway › Obey rules of road

 Secondary Task – SMS Reply Task “Message Received: ‘E T A?’ Your Reply: ‘Bad Traffic, in 20 minutes’” “Bad Traffic, in 20 minutes” 1: 20 minutes bad traffic 2: there’s traffic 3: bad traffic 4: give me about 20 minutes “One”

 Measurements Recorded › Driving  Number of collisions  Speeding  Lane position  Eye Gaze  Pupil Dilation › SMS Reply  Duration of complete response (from message received to send)  The number of times drivers correctly identify answer

 Follow up questionnaire from participants › Select correct answer from same list used in experiment

* Hardware provided by Project54