Chapter 2 Section 2 Babylonia verses Assyria 1. Created by Hammurabi by uniting cities of Sumer and conquering lands all the way to Asia Minor, 2. Crossroads of trade 3. Destroyed and conquered by about 1600 BC, /rise again about 1000 years later as center of learning and science 1. Vulnerable to invaders, Assyrians decided to attack; empire reached across the Fertile Crescent and Nile River to the Persian Gulf, 2. City of Nineveh became famous for its library with writings from Sumer and Babylon 3. invented battering ram 4. Destroyed by Medes and Chaldeans in 612 BC Empires made rich by conquests and trade, Built grand cities where culture and learning were valued, Societies were eventually conquered by others

What’s their story ? What do you think they looked like ? What was their personality like ? Illustrate what you think they looked like Anshar ( a god) Tiamat (goddess) Ishtar (goddess) Marduk ( god) Sargon II Sargon I Nebuchadnezzar I Enheduanna Hammurabi Gilgamesh Gungunum Nebuchadnezzar Ii

Shared Learning Target Know : We know there were many different powerful empires that ruled the ancient Sumerian land. We will learn about two powerful groups: Babylonians and Assyrians by reading 2.2 in book and completing a guided reading 2.2 We will show what we know by making a character sketch about one of the people : whether real or gods and illustrate what we think they looked like and what their personality was like.

Timeline of Babylonia 2000 B.C. Hammurabi of Babylon conquers Elam (1764 B.C.) Hammurabi founds Babylonia (c B.C ) Hammurabi of Babylon conquers Ashur ending the first Assyrian empire (c B.C.) Code of Hammurabi (c B.C.) Kutur-Nahhunte of Elam conquers southern Babylonia (c B.C.) Kurigalzu I of Babylonia conquers Elam (c B.C.) Elam regains independence from Babylonia under King Igi-Halki (c B.C.) Hittites, under King Mursilis I, sack Babylon (c B.C.) Kassite dynasty established in Babylon (c B.C.) Assyrians sack Babylon (c B.C.) Gilgamesh Epic ( c B.C. ) Shutruk-Nahhunte of Elam invades Babylon and places his son on the throne (c B.C.) Assyria and Elam attack Babylonia ending Kassite rule (c B.C.) Nebuchadnezzar I, king of Babylonia (c B.C B.C.) Nebuchadnezzar I of Babylon invades and conquers Elam (c B.C.) 800 B.C. Chaldaeans enter Babylonia and compete for the Babylonian throne (c B.C.) 700 B.C. Assyrians destroy Babylon (689 B.C.) Babylonians rebel against their Assyrian rulers ( B.C.) Chaldaean king, Nabopolassar, secures Babylonian throne ( B.C.) Medes ally with Babylonia to conquer Assyria (612 B.C.) 600 B.C. Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylonia captures Jerusalem (587 B.C.) Judah becomes a province of Babylonia (587 B.C.) exile of the Jews to Babylon (586 B.C.) Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylonia conquers Phoenicia (586 B.C.) Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylonia burns Jerusalem (581 B.C.) Nebuchadnezzar II builds the Hanging Gardens Cyrus the Great of Persia conquers Babylonia absorbing Babylon into the Persian empire (539 B.C.) Cyrus the Great of Persia frees the captive Jews from Babylonia (539 B.C.)

Enheduanna the first Poet

Gilgamesh

Sargon I

Hammurabi

Gungunum

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Nebuchadnezzar I

Asurdan I

Sargon II ( King) Sargon II

Marduk ( god)

Ishtar ( goddess)

Tiamat ( goddess)

Anshar ( a god)