Repeaterless DWDM – A 317km Caribbean Festoon Segment Upgrade with Terrestrial MSTP CANTO 2007 TRACK A Flamboyant South Wednesday 27 June 2007 Connecting the Caribbean 1:00 - 2:15 Emanuel Nachum Vice President, Americas Marketing

Outline Optical technology evolution 317KM festoon segment upgrade Using All-Range system Expanding services with Multi-Degree Optics

Fiber Plant Evolution of Wavelength Function Provisionable Transport Services Legacy WDM - Fiber Relief Solution Connection-oriented PSTN services Simple, predictable traffic SONET (and ATM, FR) used as provisionable transport

Fiber Plant ROADM Ethernet WDM (Virtual Fiber) Evolution of Wavelength Function Provisionable Transport Services Legacy WDM - Fiber Relief Solution Connection-oriented PSTN services Simple, predictable traffic SONET (and ATM, FR) used as provisionable transport Reconfigurable WDM – High Order Managed Transport Services become more dynamic (IP migration) Service bandwidth grows – IP Video OTN (G.709) provides OA&M for wavelengths

ROADM is key enabler of IP video applications Optical Technology Trends Reconfigurable metro/regional networks driving more power and distance Power and distance used for other long haul applications

Unrepeatered Submarine Systems The Caribbean has more than 1/3 rd of the world’s installed festoon route-miles (including ARCOS-1) Fiber count gap between existing and new cable systems widened greatly over last 5 years Much cheaper to operate and maintain unrepeatered festoon – O&M key factors today Upgrade existing undersea festoon and inter-island cable systems

317 KM Festoon Segment Upgrade Antillas-1 between Punta Cana and Isla Verde Currently operating at STM-16 (2.5 Gb/s per pair) Field trial to determine how to implement DWDM Part of the proposed Trans-Caribbean Cable Network (TCCN) Tested link between Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico

Single-Channel Fiber Adapted to DWDM 30Km G Km G Km G.654 Erbium Doped Fiber Original Signal Propagation 67Km G Km G Km G.653 Erbium Doped Fiber Rotated Signal Propagation Low-dispersion G.653 (Z-fiber) at beginning of span with high launch power would induce strong four-wave mixing “Logically rotating” the link enables DWDM since receive power is too low to cause nonlinear degradation

Unrepeatered single spans over 300km Inter-metro spans up to 2000km w/o OEO CWDM interworking In-line amps Metro ROADM/DWDM Networks All Range™ Optics – One Platform Packet Optical Convergence Carrier Ethernet / MPLS Legacy protocols Optical or electrical switching Extended Reach E-FEC Dual stage ROADM EDFA Low-cost regional RAMAN NG DWDM Technologies 10-degree ROADM Enhanced power control Wavelength management

Using All Range™ Terrestrial DWDM 67Km G Km G Km G.653 Erbium Doped Fiber Rotated Signal Propagation Backward Raman Forward Raman (and ROPA pump*) EDFA Booster EDFA Pre-amp EDFA booster and pre-amp combined with forward and backward Raman pumping One system for undersea transport plus metro aggregation and service delivery Commonality reduces equipment cost, inventory, and operator learning curve *ROPA becomes transparent with high signal power

Dominican Republic Puerto Rico 317 Km Antillas-1 Segment Upgrade Benefits Eightfold increase of system bandwidth Use of cost-effective terrestrial DWDM platform Integrated multi-degree ROADM, Next-Gen SONET/SDH and MEF-certified Ethernet/MPLS switch for NGN service delivery Future DWDM enhancements can further increase capacity without modifying the cable system G passive EDF + G.653

Multi-Degree Attribute m 1 n   Mux / Demux One Degree n 1 n   m OADM Two Degrees WSS ROADM Ten Degrees o m n p q r s t u v

Subtend Ring Fixed Filter Provisioning Backbone Ring Access Ring Site 1 Site 3 Site a Site b Site 4 Provisioning a new channel from Site y to Site 2 Optical budget is affected on several spans Truck rolls required at hub sites (mux/dmx) and endpoints to install transponders – even with APC Site 2 Site y Site x This is hard work!

Subtend Ring Multi-Degree ROADM Provisioning Backbone Ring Access Ring Site 1 Site 3 Site a Site b Site 4 Provisioning a new channel from Site y to Site 2 Minimal impact to optical budget – instantly adjusted Brief visits only at endpoints to install port cards – no tuning, cross patching, amp/regen install, or revisits Sites may be pre-provisioned and lit up later remotely Site 2 Site y Site x Remote command Hey, this is easy! See?

10-Degree ROADM – More Efficient Networking Multi-Degree ROADM Traditional DWDM Core Ring 10 Subnetwork 10 Add / Drop 3 Shelves 50 Transponders 42 Fiber Cables 1 Shelf 10 Transponders 32 Fiber Cables Versus

Broadband Services Down Island Onshore optical networks quickly growing into multi-service ROADM applications Broadband Wi-Fi/Wi-Nax, Mobility, Multi-service backhaul, etc. Network infrastructure that can dynamically adapt to changing subscriber demands: Reduces OpEx and CapEx while delivering Ethernet-based, on-demand services Quick and easy modifications of optical network designs as demands change Eliminate the need for traffic pre-planning and forecasting Eliminate the need for truck rolls Support complex topologies such as multi-ring and mesh with any to any connectivity and no back to back systems

Multi-Degree ROADM Flexibility Provides rapid turn up of new wavelengths and sites Allows efficient creation of access/subtended WDM rings off backbone network w/ ALL-OPTICAL signals Does not require back to back DWDM nodes Subtended Festoon Island Backbone Ring Access Ring Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site a Site b Site x Site y Site 4

Multi Degree Optical Networking Metro/Regional Long Haul 10-Degree All Range™ ROADM MEF Certified MEF Certified 80 Channels 2,000KM 80 Channels 2,000KM Beyond ROADM: Multi-Degree Packet–Optical Convergence Ethernet Switch Tunable MuxPonders NG-SONET Switch Multi-degree convergence of packet + optical and “dry” metro flexibility + “wet” long haul reach

Summary – Upgrade Existing Festoon Avoid expense of installing new cable system for more capacity Retain economical operation & maintenance of unrepeatered festoon Lower costs – substitute traditional undersea DWDM with all-range terrestrial DWDM One Multi-Service DWDM system for onshore service delivery and offshore transport

Thank You