BELL QUIZ: Use pages ) List the 4 causes of WWI? 2) What 3 countries formed the alliance referred to as the Triple Entente (Allies)? 3) What 3 countries formed the Triple Alliance (Central Powers)? 4) Whose assassination caused Austria- Hungary to declare war on Serbia? 5) Initially why did the U.S. refuse to participate in the War?

BELL QUIZ ANSWERS 1) Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and secret alliances. 2) Triple Entente was comprised of France, Britain, and Russia. 3) The Triple Alliance was Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. 4) The Archduke Francis Ferdinand. 5) The U.S. didn’t see any reason to get involved in a war 3,000 miles away with no American lives or property being threatened (Isolationism).

Objectives 1. Identify the long-term causes and the immediate circumstances that led to WWI. 2. Describe the first two years of the war. 3. Explain why the U.S. initially stayed out of the war AND why the U.S. eventually entered the war.

Brainstorm. Write on your bell quiz  What new weapons were used in WW1?  List everything you know about WW1?

Causes of WWI INSTRUCTIONS: 1-Label the 4 outer ovals Nationalism, Imperialism, Militarism, and Alliance System. 2-Within each outer oval, give a definition AND an example of each term. Use pages

Assassination: June 28, 1914 Gavrilo Princip: Serbia Archduke Franz Ferdinand: Austria-Hungary

The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand  Ferdinand was the heir to the Austria-Hungary throne.  He is murdered while visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia- Herzegovina.  Gavril Princip, a member of a terrorist group from Serbia called the Black Hands, killed Ferdinand and his wife.  Austria-Hungary vows to get revenge on Serbia, secures Germany’s support, and declares war on Serbia.  Serbia quickly secured Russia to come help them.  All other European countries got involved due to their secret alliance. Result=World War

Opposing Alliances Triple Entente Triple Alliance Britain/Russia/France Britain and Russia 1907 Russia and France in 1894 France and Britain in 1904 Austria- Hungary/Germany/Italy/Bosnia and Herzegovina Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1879 Germany and Italy in 1882 Italy and Austria-Hungary in 1882 Triple Entente (Allies) France Britain Russia Triple Alliance (Central Powers): Germany Austria-Hungary Italy (switches sides in 1915) Ottoman Empire (Turkey) will replace Italy.

NEW ALLIES 1) Japan joins the Allies in August ) The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) joins the Triple Alliance in October (Control the Dardanelles) 3) Italy switches sides in May 1915 for future land acquisitions. 4) Bulgaria joins the Central Powers in October 1915.

Bell Quiz: Pages ) By 1917, why had the U.S. prepared for war against Germany? 2) What caused Germany to experience a famine in 1917? 3) Why did the Germans sink the Lusitania? 4) Why did the Zimmermann note alarm the U.S. government? 5) What type of government did the Russians establish in November 1917?

Bell Quiz Answers 1) U.S. needed the Allies to win so they would pay their debts to the U.S.; prevent Germany from threatening U.S. shipping. 2) British instituted a naval blockade on Germany. 750,000 Germans starved to death. 3) The British were transporting ammunition on the civilian ship from the U.S. 4) The war was now possible to spread to the U.S. (threat to our national security). 5) The Russians established a Communist government.

WWI Trench Warfare: “Over the Top”  Germany attacked France by marching through Belgium.  Great Britain declared war on Germany for going through Belgium.  France and Great Britain stop Germany’s advance outside Paris at the Marne River.  Both sides dig in and fight trench warfare style.  The Russians stop the German advance in Poland. Both sides revert to trench warfare.  Britain and the allies attack the Ottoman Empire to maintain control of the Suez Canal and open the Dardanelles to the Russians.

Video: trench warfare stop at 10:43

The U.S. in WW1  The U.S. initially decided to stay neutral and that the war was strictly a European affair.  However, the U.S. sold food, raw materials, and weapons to both sides.  Eventually the U.S. primarily traded with the Allies.  Trade w/… Britain and FranceGermany 1914: $754 M1914: $345 M 1915: $1.28 B1915: $29 M 1916: $2.75 B1916: $2 M WHAT HAPPENED?

The U.S. in WW1  The U.S. was shipping war supplies to the Triple Entente on American passenger ships.  In 1917 the U.S. intercepted the Zimmermann telegram arraigned an alliance between Germany and Mexico. Germany would help Mexico reacquire Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas if Mexico would fight on Germany’s side.  Also, Germany U-Boats sunk many American ships on the ocean (Lusitania).  Is the U.S. really neutral?  The U.S. declares war on Germany on April 6, 1917.

THE BOLSHEVIK REVOLUTION  Vladimir Lenin leads the Bolshevik party to victory in the Russian Revolution.  Slogan=peace, bread, and land.  Czar Nicholas II is executed.  Russia changes its name to the Soviet Union and becomes communist.  Russia quits WWI by signing a peace treaty with Germany in March 1918.

What is Communism?  Theory: A) The Social class with the economic power also had social and political power. B) There are 2 classes of people in every society: The “Haves” and the “Have-Nots”. Capitalists (Haves): own capital-land, money, and machinery. Workers: (Have-Nots): own only their labor.

Communism  In 1919 Vladimir Lenin led the successful Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, installing communism.  Communism: A) economic and political system based on a 1 party government ruled by a dictatorship. B) Private Property is confiscated and turned over to the state to equalize power and wealth. C) Government owns all factories and businesses, controlling production and prices.

Communism Explained

YouTube Video Questions 1. How is wealth distributed in communist societies? 2. What type of leaders are usually in charge of communist governments? 3. How does capitalism exploit the proletariat (workers)? 4. According to the Communist Manifesto how far would communism spread? 5. In communist societies who controls the entire economy? 6. What is socialism?