ارائه : میراحمدی

تئوريهاي مديريت پيشرفته سید محمد رضا میراحمدی فصل اول : دلیل مطالعه تئوری های مدیریت

ارائه : میراحمدی WHY STUDY ORGANIZATION THEORY? Chapter 1 Mary Jo Hatch

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 4 Table 1.1 Some Applications of Organization Theory Structuring activities and designing organizational processes to: Strategy/FinanceSupport goal achievement & performance monitoring. MarketingAlign the organization & its brand strategy. Information Align information flows with work processes Technology& outcomes. OperationsSupport value chain management. Human ResourcesProvide a basis for HRM activities,organizational development & change. CommunicationDesign effective communication processes.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 5 A theory... consists of a set of concepts and the relationships that tie them together into a coherent explanation or understanding of the phenomenon of interest

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی PREHISTORY ’s MODERN 1960’s & 70’s SYMBOLIC- INTERPRETIVE 1980’s POSTMODERN 1990’s Smith (1776) Marx (1867) Durkheim(1893) Taylor (1911) Follett (1918) Fayol (1919) Weber (1924) Gulick (1937) Barnard (1938) Von Bertalanffy (1950) Trist & Bamforth (1951) Boulding (1956) March &Simon (1958) Emery (1960) Burns & Stalker (1961) Woodward (1965) Lawrence & Lorsch (1967) Thompson (1967) Schutz (1932) Whyte (1943) Selznick (1949) Goffman (1959) Gadamer (1960) Berger & Luckmann (1966) Weick (1969) Geertz (1973) Clifford & Marcus (1986) Saussure (1959) Foucault (1972) Bell (1973) Jencks (1977) Derrida (1978) Lyotard (1979) Rorty (1980) Lash & Urry (1987) Baudrillard (1988) Fig 1.1 Sources of inspiration for organization theory

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 8 Theoretical Perspectives Theories linked by similar underlying assumptions, logics, and vocabularies. Research adopting similar approaches, methods, and ways of theorizing.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Theory (built from a selected set of concepts to explain, understand, criticize or create the phenomenon of interest) Concepts (categories for sorting, organizing, storing information, formed from common features of specific instances) Phenomena of Interest (what is to be explained, understood, criticized or created by the theory) abstraction analysis and association

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 10 Abstraction The process of removing the unique details of particular examples so that only their common aspects remain. Enables us to process and communicate more information.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Plant Reptile FidoSpot Dog PhydoughSpought Cat MammalBird Animal All Living Things Abstract Concrete

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 12 Paradigms A set of assumptions and practices that define a scientific discipline (Kuhn). A way of seeing and thinking about the world.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 13 Why Multiple Perspectives? 1. Help better understand and manage the complexity of organizations. 2. Become more aware of the assumptions underlying theory and practice and the reasons for doing or not doing things. 3. Form a basis for determining pressures to act and their relationship to ethical, efficient, and socially responsible action.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Ontology concerns our assumptions about reality and agency - is there an objective reality out there or is it subjective, existing only in our minds? - are our actions predetermined or do we have freewill? Ontology

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 15 Epistemology Epistemology is concerned with knowledge: - how we generate knowledge - what constitutes ‘good’ knowledge - how we represent or describe reality

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 16 Comparing Ontologies Objectivism – the belief in an objective, external reality that exists independently of our knowledge of it. Subjectivism – the belief that knowledge of the world is subjective and that social reality only exists when we experience it and give it meaning.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 17 Comparing Epistemologies Positivism – we can discover Truth through the scientific measurement and validation of behavior & systems. Interpretivism – all knowledge is relative to the knower & can only be understood from the point of view of individuals who are directly involved; truth is socially constructed.

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Modernist Perspective Objectivist ontology Positivist epistemology Organizations are real, rational entities and systems Organization theorists focus on finding universal laws governing system behavior, rational structures, & standardized procedures

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Symbolic-Interpretive Perspective Subjectivist ontology Interpretivist epistemology Organizations are communities, socially constructed in everyday interactions Organization theorists study how people create and give meaning to their experience of organizational life

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی Postmodern Perspective Ontology - the social world is created through language & discourse Epistemology - there is no Truth; knowledge & power are interwoven Organizations are texts - sites of power relations, marginalization, and play Organization theorists deconstruct & destabilize ideologies & rational forms of organizing; encourage a reflexive questioning of taken for granted assumptions & practices

تئوری های مدیریت پیشرفته ارائه : میراحمدی 21 A Conceptual Model Of Organization. Fig. 1.2 A Conceptual Model Of Organization. Technology Culture Social Structure Physical Structure