Meniscus Injuries Jasmine Hawkins

Anatomy of the Knee Largest and most complex Vulnerable to a variety of injuries Weight bearing joint Stabilizes the leg Most easily injured in sports Made up of: Bones Cartilage Ligaments Tendons

Meniscus Injury Causes Trauma Sudden/Forceful twisting Quick changes in position Repeated motions Sudden stopping Pivoting Direct contact Abnormal motion

Causes continued… Synovitis Inflammation of the synovial lining Old age Cartilage weakens and wears thin overtime MEANING: torn tissue is more prone to tears!

Meniscus Injury Signs/Symptoms Mechanism of injury Twisting Squatting Changes in position Dependent on: Size of the tear Location of the tear If another knee injury is associated

Signs/Symptoms continued… Mechanism complaints Locking Catching Pinching Giving sensation Swelling Pain Lack of range of motion Effusion Accumulation of excess fluid

Meniscus Injury Care/Treatment Physical Therapy Surgery

Care/Treatment continued… Corticosteroid injections Maintaining knee fitness Strength Flexibility Proprioception Care/Treatment continued… Wearing Appropriate Shoes

Meniscus Injury Statistics Menisci don’t have a strong arterial blood supply = do not heal well after being injured Patients older than 65 y.o, the rate of degenerative tears is 60% Meniscus Injury Statistics Structural differences in the collagen fibrils contribute to the ability of the menisci to be fully functional after repair Joint line tenderness indicates 77-86% of patients meniscus tears

Statistic continued… Medial menisci vs. Lateral menisci Medial is “C”-shaped Lateral is closer to the letter “O” Three zones within the meniscus: Red-red zone Red-white zone White-white zone

ACL Injuries By: Jeremy Bender

Anatomy of the Knee ACL is one the largest ligaments in the body Creates an ‘x’-shape with the PCL

Causes of ACL Injuries Contact sports Low velocity Non-contact Quick stopping movement

Signs of ACL Injuries Feeling or hearing a “pop” Knee swelling within 6 hours Development of a large hemarthrosis

More Signs of ACL Injuries Inability to continue activity Pain when weight is put on injured knee along joint line

Care of ACL Injuries ACL Reconstruction primary repair extra-articular repair intra-articular repair

More Care of ACL Injuries Non-surgical Bracing/Physical Therapy Strengthening Quads Hamstrings ROM exercises

Statistics About ACL Injuries Surgery + Rehabilitation for an ACL tear = $17,000-$25,000 per patient 60,000-75,000 ACL reconstructions are performed annually in the U.S. 100,000 overall Success rates for ACL reconstruction: 75-95% Failure rate: ~ 8% 50% of patients have meniscal tears

More Statistics of ACL Injuries More females injury their ACL’s than males Military training and handball have the highest ratios of any sport 70% of ACL tears are non-contact 1 case in 3,500 people result in… 95,000 new ACL ruptures per year 200,000 ACL injuries per year

Bibliography for Meniscus Injuries http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/knee-pain/picture-of-the-knee http://www.medicinenet.com/torn_meniscus/page4.htm http://www.laorthospecialists.net/knee-effusion.php http://jointcarecentre.net/knee-page/ http://www.womenshealthmag.com/fitness/assess-your-fitness-level%20 http://www.kneejointsurgery.com/acl.php http://www.joint-pain-solutions.com/MCL-injury.html http://meniscustreatment.org/meniscus-tear-surgery-operation/ http://mosm.com/torn-meniscus/ http://www.sportscarephysicaltherapy.com/physical-therapy/ http://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0515/p2147.html http://www.physioadvisor.com.au/8119350/knee-strengthening-exercises-knee-rehabilitation.htm http://www.arabbones.com/patient_edu_more.php?id=320 http://www.mendmyknee.com/knee-and-patella-injuries/anatomy-of-the-knee.php http://www.express.co.uk/sport/tennis/412180/Juan-Martin-Del-Potro-has-injury-scare-in-opening-game-of-quarter-final-at-Wimbledon http://www.steelcitysportsdoc.com/6-signs-you-may-have-a-meniscus-tear.html

Pictures came from (ACL Injuries) http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00551 http://www.myerssportsmedicine.com/symptoms-acl-tear/ http://www.bupa.co.uk/health-information/directory/a/acl http://www.whyiexercise.com/knee-exercises.html http://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/nfl/2012/12/06/acl-injuries-hips-recovery- nfl/1752419/ http://orthopedicsurgerysandiego.com/acl-injuries-facts-treatment-options-2/ http://www.italianjournalsportsrehabilitation.com/2015/02/13/effects-of-knee-injury- primary-prevention-programs-on-anterior-cruciate-ligament-injury-rates-in-female- athletes-in-different-sports-a-systematic-review/ http://midwestbasementtech.com/basement-waterproofing-can-save-money/