CHEMISTRY NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2015 Unit 5: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry.

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CHEMISTRY NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2015 Unit 5: Atomic Structure and Nuclear Chemistry

Goal 2 List the elements of Dalton’s Atomic Theory and explain any weaknesses in the theory.  Text: Pages  Problems: p # 12, 13, 25, 26

Dalton’s Atomic Theory John Dalton ( ) English scientist who made his living teaching in Manchester Came up with his atomic theory in about 1808

Dalton’s Atomic Theory Elements are made of tiny particles called atoms All atoms of a given element are identical The atoms of a given element are different from those of any other element

Dalton’s Atomic Theory Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types of atoms Atoms are indivisible in chemical processes. (atoms are not created or destroyed)  A chemical reaction simply changes the way the atoms are grouped together

Goal 3 Differentiate among the properties of the electron, proton, and neutron; describe the size and shape of the atom and its parts  Text reference: p  Problems: p #18, 19, 21

Atomic Structure Discovery of protons, neutrons, and electrons  Video here Video here Models of the atom  Video here Video here

Goal 4 Define atomic number, isotopic mass, and atomic mass; calculate average atomic mass.  Text: p  Problems: p. 82 #27-30

Isotopes  Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons  Video here Video here Atomic number  Number of protons  Identifies element Mass number  Number of protons and neutrons

Isotopes Average atomic mass  Take the mass of each isotope and multiply it by the percent of each (in decimal form)  Add them together and that will be the average atomic mass